Chapter 34 Flashcards
(28 cards)
Cordell Hull
Secretary of State under President Franklin D. Roosevelt and founder of the United Nations
Joseph Stalin
Russian leader who succeeded Lenin as head of the Communist Party and created a totalitarian state by purging all opposition (1879-1953)
Benito Mussolini
Fascist dictator of Italy (1922-1943). He led Italy to conquer Ethiopia (1935), joined Germany in the Axis pact (1936), and allied Italy with Germany in World War II. He was overthrown in 1943 when the Allies invaded Italy.
Adolf Hitler
This dictator was the leader of the Nazi Party. He believed that strong leadership was required to save Germanic society, which was at risk due to Jewish, socialist, democratic, and liberal forces.
Francisco Franco
Spanish general whose armies took control of Spain in 1939 and who ruled as a dictator until his death (1892-1975)
Neville Chamberlain
British statesman who as Prime Minister pursued a policy of appeasement toward fascist Germany
Winston Churchill
A noted British statesman who led Britain throughout most of World War II and along with Roosevelt planned many allied campaigns. He predicted an iron curtain that would separate Communist Europe from the rest of the West.
Charles Lindbergh
United States aviator who in 1927 made the first solo nonstop flight across the Atlantic Ocean (1902-1974)
Wendell Wilkie
Popular choice for Repub nominee in election of 1940. Critized New Deal, but largely agreed with Roosevelt on preparedness and giving aid to Britain. Lost to Roosevelt.
Totallitarianism
a form of government in which the ruler is an absolute dictator (not restricted by a constitution or laws or opposition etc.)
Isolation
a policy of nonparticipation in international economic and political relations
Appeasement
the act of appeasing (as by acceding to the demonds of)
London Economic Conference
Conference in 1933 subverted by FDR’s attempts to protect US dollars from deflation
Good Neighbor Policy
FDR’s foreign policy of promoting better relations w/Latin America by using economic influence rater than military force in the region
Reciprocal Trade Agreement Act
(1934) The Act was designed to raise American exports and was aimed at both relief and recovery.Led by Cordell Hull, it helped reverse the high-tariff policy.
NAZI Party
the political party founded in Germany in 1919 and brought to power by Hitler in 1933
Roman-Berlin axis
The alliance between Italy and Germany (Mussolini and Hitler)
invasion of Ethiopia (Abyssinia)
In 1935, Mussolini brutally attacked Ethiopia with bombers and tanks, while natives were left to defend their country with spears and outdated weapons. This all could have been avoided if the league of nations had declared an oil embargo on Italy.
“merchants of death”
Liberal isolationists’ term for companies which manufactured armaments. They felt that the companies were undermining national interests by assisting agressor nations.
Spanish Civil War
civil war in Spain in which General Franco succeeded in overthrowing the republican government
China incident
incident in which Japan invaded China, and America stood by the side and watched it happen remaining neutral.
“Quarantine Speech”
The speech was an act of condemnation of Japan’s invasion of China in 1937 and called for Japan to be quarantined. FDR backed off the aggressive stance after criticism, but it showed that he was moving the country slowly out of isolationism.
Hitler-Stalin Non-Aggression Pact
An agreement between Hitler and Stalin that allowed Hitler to invade Poland
“cash and carry”
policy adopted by the United States in 1939 to preserve neutrality while aiding the Allies. Britain and France could buy goods from the United States if they paid in full and transported them.
