Chapter 35

Question 1

What is considered a microorganism

Answer 1

Bacterium, Protozoa, fungi, and parasites. Some definitions include viruses

Question 2

Escherichia Coli

Answer 2

A microorganism that reproduces about every 30 minutes, to produce about 3.5 trillion offspring in 24hrs

Question 3

Coli indicates

Answer 3

The species of bacteria

Question 4

Pure culture

Answer 4

The growth of only one microorganism in a culture or on a nutrient surface

Question 5

What temperature are pathogenic organisms viable at

Answer 5

They prefer body temperature (37C-98.6F) but will remain viable at room temperature or refrigerator temperatures(4C-39.2) for 72 hours

Question 6

The diagnosis of a helminth infection requires

Answer 6

Microscopic examination of feces and patient signs and symptoms

Question 7

Sensitivity testing is used to determine

Answer 7

Which specific antibiotics work best against the particular infective pathogen

Question 8

Facultative anaerobe

Answer 8

Bacteria that are flexible regarding their oxygen needs; they can survive in the presence of oxygen but prefer not to

Question 9

Spirilla

Answer 9

Spiral-shaped bacteria

Question 10

Gram-negative organisms transmitted by blood sucking insects

Answer 10

Rickettsia

Question 11

Organisms that are unlikely to be transmitted by airborne droplets

Answer 11

Treponema Pallidum

Question 12

An organism that is unlikely to be transmitted by through sexual contact

Answer 12

Clostridium botulinum

Question 13

What color indicates gram positive bacteria

Answer 13

Deep blue/violet

Question 14

Gram reactions to bacteria are a result of

Answer 14

The cell wall compositions

Question 15

A term that means “in glass” or “in the laboratory”

Answer 15

In vitro

Question 16

Classification of fungi

Answer 16

Eukaryote

Question 17

A UTI can be diagnosed if a CCMS urine specimen is found in pure culture and is present in a quantity greater than ______ of urine.

Answer 17

100,000 ofu/mL

Question 18

CLIA waived test that assists in the diagnosis of stomach and duodenal ulcers

Answer 18

Helicobacter pylori testing

Question 19

Staphylo-

Answer 19

Used when bacteria are in a grape like formation

Question 20

Pneumocystis pneumonia is caused by

Answer 20

Pneumocystis jiroveci, and is transmitted by contact with animals, most likely in immunocompromised patients, common in AIDS patients

Question 21

Beta hemolysis

Answer 21

Complete clearing of the agar around the colonies that is caused by a toxin produced by S. Pyogenes. The toxin breaks down red blood cells in the agar, causing it to be a clear golden color around the colonies

Question 22

A urine culture lists 8 antibodies, five of which are followed by the “s”, which means

Answer 22

The pathogen is susceptible, or that the antibiotic is effective in destroying that particular organism

Question 23

S.R.I.

Answer 23

S: the pathogen is susceptible
R: the pathogen is resistant to
I: intermediate or additional testing is needed

Question 24

Spiral shaped bacteria are called

Answer 24

Spirilla

Question 25

Anaerobe

Answer 25

Bacteria that die in the presence of oxygen

Question 26

Bacteria are classified as

Answer 26

Prokaryote, gram positive, gram negative, acid-fast, cocci, bacilli, spirilla, anaerobes, facultative anaerobes

Question 27

Molecules needed for metabolism

Answer 27

Macromolecules

Question 28

Specific structures inside a cell that perform cellular functions

Answer 28

Organelles

Question 29

When writing the name of a microorganism, what rule applies to the genus

Answer 29

The first name and is always capitalized

Question 30

A cellulose tape test for pinworms requires

Answer 30

Placing the tape over a tongue depressor with sticky side out, press the tape on the right and left anal folds, place the tape with sticky side down on a microscope slide

Question 31

Bacilli are

Answer 31

Rod-shaped bacteria

Question 32

What color indicates a gram negative bacteria

Answer 32

Pinkish red

Question 33

Color for acid fast stain in bacteria

Answer 33

Pink

Question 34

Strepto-

Answer 34

Used when bacteria is in a chain formation

Question 35

Diplo-

Answer 35

Used when bacteria are found in pairs

Question 36

CLIA waived test that assists in the diagnosis of Lyme disease

Answer 36

Wampole PreVue B. Burgdorferi

Question 37

Know the kinds of sputum tests

Answer 37

Legionella, acid fast bacillus, and gram stain for bacteria or fungal infections

Question 38

How is a nasal specimen inserted

Answer 38

The swab is inserted no more than 1/2 inch into the nostril

Question 39

Know about a mid-turbinate nasal specimen

Answer 39

The patients head should be tilted back about 70 degrees and the swab inserted parallel to the nostril floor until resistance is met at the nasal turbinates

Question 40

How long should a person avoid food before giving a sputum specimen

Answer 40

1-2 hours

Question 41

Organism that causes whooping cough

Answer 41

Bordetella pertussis

Question 42

Organism that causes tetanus or lockjaw

Answer 42

Clostridium tetani

Question 43

Mumps and measles are caused by

Answer 43

Paramyxovirus

Question 44

What term means “able to live and grow”

Answer 44

Viable

Question 45

Endospore

Answer 45

An inactive form of certain bacteria that can withstand poor environmental conditions. When conditions improve, the bacteria become functional again

Question 46

Define asexual

Answer 46

Reproduction that does not involve the fusion of male and female sex cells

Question 47

Mold

Answer 47

The growth of tiny fungi forming on a substance

Question 48

Binary fission

Answer 48

Asexual reproduction in single-cell organisms during which one cell divides into two daughter cells

Question 49

Vectors

Answer 49

Arthropod that carries disease and transmits to another organism through a blood meal

Question 50

Screening test for colon cancer

Answer 50

Fecal immunochemical test/ immunochemical fecal occult blood test