Chapter 37: Sedative-Hypnotic Drugs

Question 1

Why are benzodiazepines the first-choice drugs for treating anxiety and insomnia?

Answer 1

They are safer than older sedatives, have lower abuse potential, fewer drug interactions, less tolerance and dependence, and effectively relieve anxiety and promote sleep.

Question 2

What drug is used to diagnose and treat benzodiazepine overdose and what is its mechanism of action?

Answer 2

Flumazenil; it is a competitive antagonist at benzodiazepine receptors, reversing sedative effects but not fully reversing respiratory depression.

Question 3

What are important considerations when using sedative-hypnotic drugs?

Answer 3

Monitor for CNS depression, dose-dependent effects, tolerance, dependence, abuse potential, adverse effects (e.g., amnesia, sleep-driving), drug interactions, and caution in pregnancy, lactation, and older adults.