Chapter 4 Flashcards
What are the levels of meta-theory?
Meta-paradigm -> Grand theories -> Middel-range theories -> theoretical model
Why is the JDR model broader in its scope than the DCSM and ERI model?
In contrast to the DCSM and ERI model, this model does not restrict itself to a single job demand and a single job resource. The model assumes that any job demand and resource may affect employee health and motivation.
According to the JDR model, what are job demands?
physical, psychological, social or organizational aspects of the job that require sustained physical and/or psychological effort or skills and are therefore associated with certain psychological and/or physiological costs.
According to the JDR model, what are job resources?
Physical, psychological, social or organizational aspects of the job that are: functional in achieving work goals, reducing job demands, and stimulating personal growth, learning, and development.
How are energy depletion/health problems mediating the relation between job demands and organizational outcomes in the JDR?
Chronic job demands exhaust employee’s mental and physical resources and may therefore lead to depletion of energy and to health problems.
This occurs because:
- Employees want to maintain their performance at work
- Usage of performance-protection strategies
- Resistance to degradation -> attempt to sustain performance standards
How do motivation and engagement mediate the relationship between job resources and organizational outcomes in the JDR?
The presence of job resources leads to engagement, whereas their absence evokes a cynical attitude towards work. In turn, this fosters positive organizational outcomes, such as organizational commitment and job performance.
Explain the buffer/interaction hypothesis in the JDR model.
Job resources can buffer the impact of job demands in predicting employee health and motivation. Resources can reduce the perception of demands as stressful, and resources can reduce the reactions of individuals to demands and related consequences.
Explain the coping hypothesis in the JDR model.
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What are personal resources in the JDR model?
Aspects of the self that a linked to resilience and refers to individual’s sense of their ability to control and impact their environment successfully.
What are the functions of personal resources according to the JDR model?
- to buffer the impact of job demands on health or energy-related outcomes
- to mediate the relation between job resources and motivational outcomes
What states the matching hypothesis in the DISC model (Demand-Induced Strain Compensation)?
The stress-buffering effects of job resources are most likely to occur if specific types of job resources are matched to specific types of job demands, that is, when the job resources measured are those that are most relevant for the job demands a worker is faced with.
What are the two key principles of the DISC model?
- Multidimensionality of constructs
- Triple-match principle
Explain the Multidimensionality of constructs principle of the DISC model
Job demands, job resources and job-related outcomes may each contain cognitive, emotional, and physical elements
Explain the Triple-match principal of the DISC model
The strongest interactive relations between job demands and job resources are observed when demands, resources, and outcomes are based on qualitatively identical dimensions
What is the compensation or stress-buffering mechanism in the DISC model?
Adverse effects of high job demands on workers health can be counteracted if workers have sufficient job resources to deal with their demanding work tasks
