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Pesticide Applicators > Chapter 4 > Flashcards

Chapter 4 Flashcards

1
Q

What are the general characteristics of a pesticide product that make it usable

A

Reasonably easy for you to handle
Sufficiently safe for you to handle
In a form that can be applied in a way that reaches pests
Chemically stable so it does not loose effectiveness to quickly in storage or after being applied

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2
Q

Active Ingredient (a.i.)

A

substance that actually controls a pest

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3
Q

Inert Ingredients

A

substances that make a product usable

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4
Q

Formulation

A

Active ingredient + inert ingredients

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5
Q

Trade Name

A

also known as brand or product name. It is used to advertise products to customers

Ex: Off!

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6
Q

Chemical Name

A

chemical component and structure of the active ingredient.

Ex: N,N-diethyl-meta-toluamide

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7
Q

Common Name

A

shorter unique name because chemical names are complex

Ex: Deet

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8
Q

Where can you find the trade name, chemical name, and common name on a pesticide label

A

Trade Name: Prominently on the front panel
Chemical Name: listed on ingredient stamens on the front panel of the pesticide label
Common Name: can be used on the ingredient statement of the pesticide label

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9
Q

How can products with the same a.i. or trade name differ? Why is it important?

A

can different in formulation, amount of diet, inclusion of other ai, or labeled uses

the amount and types of ai and allowed uses differ the risks and safety precautions will differ as well

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10
Q

Solution

A

Substance disolved in a liquid. Agitation is not needed to keep the various parts from settling out

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11
Q

Suspension

A

Mixture of finely divided solid particles dispersed in a liquid. particles do not deserve and must ne agitated to keep them dispersed

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12
Q

Emulsion

A

one liquid is dispersed as droplets in another. Each liquid retains its original identity and some agitation is required to keep it from separating

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13
Q

What do you need to consider when choosing a formulation?

A

If the formulation will stay in place long enough
risks
what application equipment and ppe you need
how easy it is to handle and measure the formulation
Dilution
if you will be able to use all the product
price

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14
Q

Where do you look on a pesticide label to determine the formulation?

A

typically abbreviation for formulation is on the product label
if not it will be under the general information or directions for use section

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15
Q

What do designations like 10WP and 6EC mean?

A

the relative amount of active ingredient

liquid - how many pounds of ai are in each gallon
dry - ai by weight in the product (ex 60 = 60%)

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16
Q

What are adjuvants and why are they used?

A

chemicals that are either premixed in the pesticide formulation or added to the spray tank to improve mixing, application, or pesticidal performance

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17
Q

Where do you look on a pesticide label to determine what adjuvants to use?

A

directions for use section

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18
Q

Flowables

A

F or L

active ingredient is a solid that does not dissolve in either water or oil so it is impregnated on a substance and ground to a very fine powder then suspended in a small amount of liquid.

Pros: Easy to handle

Cons: Subject to spilling and splashing, required agitation abrasive, visual residue

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19
Q

Water Dispersible Granules/Dry Flowables

A

WDG/DF

small easily measured granules. Once mixed with water they break apart into fine particles similar to WPs. Constant agitation is required.

20
Q

Water Dispersible Granules/Dry Flowables

A

WDG/DF

small easily measured granules. Once mixed with water they break apart into fine particles similar to WPs. Constant agitation is required. % of AI is high

21
Q

Ready to Use Low Concentrate Solutions

A

RTU

require no dilution before application. Contain a small amount of ai in an organic solvent

Pros: Easy, do not stain, good for structural pest control
Cons: Limited availability, high cost per unit of ai, can harm foligae

22
Q

Ultra Low Volume

A

ULV

very concentrated and used as is or in small quantities or farrier.

Pros: easy to handle and require little to agitation, not abrasive,

Cons: easy to over/under dose, specialized application equipment required, difficult to control drift,

23
Q

Invert Emulsion

A

water soluble pesticide dispersed in oil

24
Q

Invert Emulsion

A

water soluble pesticide dispersed in oil

Pros: reduce drift, improves rain resistance, serves as sticker spreader

Cons: difficult to get thorough coverage

25
Q

Aerosols

A

A

Contain a low percent of one or more active ingredients in a solvent

ready to use or in a liquid formulation put into a machine

pros: easy way to fill an enclosed space
cons: inhalation exposure

26
Q

Dusts

A

D

ready to use and contain 10% or less active ingredient plus a very inert carrier

Pros: ready to use, require simple equipment, hard to reach places
Cons: easy to move off target, will not stick to surfaces, liquids cause them to clump, irritant, inhalation risk

27
Q

Granules

A

G

similar to dust except they are larger and heavier.

Pros: break down gradually, ready to use, weight carrie the, to the soil or water target, less drift
Cons: difficult to apply them uniformly and at proper rate , will not stick to uneven surfaces, sometimes need moisture to release, birds can feed on the,

28
Q

Pellet

A

P or PS

similar to granules but all the particles are the same weight and shape

29
Q

Baits

A

contains an active ingredient mixed with food or another attractive substance

30
Q

Paste and Gels

A

Used for structural pest control

31
Q

Microencapsulated Formulation

A

cover liquid or dry pesticide in a plastic coating

Pros:

32
Q

Microencapsulated Formulation

A

cover liquid or dry pesticide in a plastic coating

Pros: slow release of ai and less likely to be lost as vapors, poses fewer risk to the skin

Cons: attractive to bees and can break down too slowly

33
Q

Animal Systemics

A

Protect animals against blood feeding insects by being absorbed and moved within the animal

34
Q

Fumigants

A

a type of pesticide that forms a poisonous gas when applied

35
Q

Fumigants

A

a type of pesticide that forms a poisonous gas when applied

36
Q

Fumigants

A

a type of pesticide that forms a poisonous gas when applied

37
Q

Surfactants (wetting agents/spreaders)

A

help a pesticide spray droplets wet plant foliage and spread out evenly

38
Q

sticker

A

increases the adhesion of solid particles (ex: powder suspended in a spray mix) to target surfaces

39
Q

extenders

A

retain pesticides on the target surface, slow evaporation, and inhibit degradation

40
Q

plant penetrants

A

enhance penetration of some pesticides into plants

41
Q

compatibility agents

A

helps products mix well together

42
Q

buffers or acidifiers

A

prevent degradation by acidifying and stabilizing the water in the spray tank

43
Q

drift control additives

A

improve on target placement of the pesticide spray by increasing the average droplet size

44
Q

thickeners

A

increase the viscosity of spray mixes

45
Q

defaming agents

A

eliminates or decreases the amount of foam that can form in the spray tank

46
Q

foaming agents

A

creates foam to improve the placement of pesticides

Pesticide Applicators (29 decks)

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