Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

PSYC Midterm- Chp. 4,5,6 > Chapter 4 > Flashcards

Chapter 4 Flashcards

1
Q

Sensation

A

Info from sense organs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Perception

A

Interpretation of sensory info

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Illusion

A

Perception that does not match reality

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What are the 5 senses

A

Vison, Hearing, taste, touch, smell

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

transduction

A

external sounds or tastes or whatever is converted by a sense into neural activity.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Sensory Adaptation

A

the more we hear or taste something, the less sensitive we are to it.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Sense receptor

A

Specialized cell responsible for converting external stimuli into neural activity.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Psychophysics

A

Studies how physical properties of stimuli influence our perception.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Absolute threshold

A

Lowest level of a stimulus needed for the nervous system to detect a change 50 percent of all time

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Just noticeable difference (JND)

A

smallest amount of stimulus change humans can detect.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Weber’s Law

A

relationship between JND and stimulus intensity.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Signal detection Theory

A

theory regarding how stimuli are detected under different conditions.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Synesthesia

A

cross-model sensations
Examples: color associated with num
Examples: associated with color

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Selective Attention

A

Process of selecting a sensory channel and ignoring or minimizing

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Ignored/minimized stimuli

A

we are aware that its there, we just dont care.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Inattentional Blindness

A

Stimuli that is in plain sight is not detected

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Change Blindness

A

Failure to detect changes in your environment.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Brightness

A

amount of light reflected back to the eye

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Hue

A

Wavelength of light perceived as color

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Iris

A

coloured. Controls how much light enters the eye through the pupil

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Pupil

A

opening in the center of the iris where light enters the eye. Can constrict or dilate.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Cornea

A

Bends light towards the lens

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Lens

A

Part of the eye that changes curvature to keep images in focus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Accommodation

A

changing the shape of the lens to focus on objects near or far

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Myopia
Longer eyeball
26
Hyperopia
Shorter eyeball
27
Retina
patch of sensory receptors at the back of the eye
28
Fovea
Receptors close to the center of the retina have greatest visual acuity.
29
Acuity
Sharpness of vison
30
Rods
sensitive to light. Absent in the fovea. Responsible for peripheral vison
31
Dark adaptation
Time in dark before rods regain maximum light sensitivity
32
Cones
Sensitive to color. Found in the fovea. Responsible for vision at the center of the visual field.
33
Optic Nerve
Bundle of axons from ganglion cells that exit the back of the eye
34
Blind Spot
The hole the optic nerve exits from
35
Feature Detector Cells
detect lines and edges
36
What is the difference between Simple and Complex Cells
Simple cells respond to bars of a particular orientation Complex cells respond best to bars of a particular direction of movement of oriented bars
37
Trichromatic Theory
Idea that colour vision is based on our sensitivity to three primary colors
38
Opponent-Process Theory
Opposing colors
39
Visual Agnosia
object recognition is impaired due to damage to visual cortex.
40
What are the 3 parts of sound
Pitch: sound wave frequency Loudness: Amplitude of the sound waves Timbre: complexity or quality of sound that makes things sound unique
41
What are the 3 main parts of an ear
Outer Middle Inner
42
Outer Ear
Helps to funnel sound towards the ear drum
43
What is the middle ear and what are the three ossicles
Eardrum and the three ossicles are the Hammer, Anvil, and Stirrup
44
Inner ear
Sensory organ for sound waves
45
What are the three parts of the inner ear
Cochlea contains the Basilar membrane Organ of Corti
46
Organ of Corti
tissue containing the hair cells necessary for hearing
47
Basilar membrane
membrane supporting the organ of Corti and hair cells in the cochlea.
48
Cochlea
bony, spiral-shaped sense organ used for hearing
49
Place Theory
Location along the basilar membrane matches tone and pitch
50
Frequency Theory
Rate of action potentials related to pitch.
51
What are Olfaction and Gustation
Chemical senses Olfaction (Smell) Gustation (taste)
52
Somatosensory
Responds to stimuli on the skin, temp, and injury
53
Proprioception
Our sense of body position
54
Gate control model
Idea that pain is blocked or gated from consciousness by neural mechanisms in the spinal cord
55
Phantom Limb Illusion
pain or discomfort felt in an amputated limb.
56
Vestibular sense
equilibrium and balance
57
Semicircular canals
Three fluid-filled canals in the inner ear responsible for our sense of balance.
58
Parallel Processing--
ability to attend to many sense modalities simultaneously.
59
Bottom-up Processing
perception based on stimuli
60
Top-Down Processing
Perception based on knowledge
61
Perceptual Constancy
Perceive stimuli consistently across conditions
62
Muller-lyer illusion
If two objects project the same size image on your retina, the one perceived as further away will be perceived as bigger/longer
63
What is Gestalt Principles and what are they (1-6)
Rules that govern how we perceive objects as a whole 1. Proximity 2. Similarity 3. Continuity 4. Closure 5. Symmetry 6. Figure-ground
64
Perceptual Set
set formed when expectation influence perceptions
65
Binocular depth cues
depth using both eyes
66
Monocular depth cues
Depth using 1 eye
67
Binocular Cues
used for 15 meters or closer
68
Binocular disparity
left and right eyes transmit quite different information for near objects but see distant objects similarly.
69
Binocular convergence
When we look at nearby objects, we focus on them reflexively by using our eye muscles to turn our eyes inward.
70
Retinal Disparity
The difference in the perceived separation of two objects by the left and right eye.
71
Interposition
Closer things obscure farther things
72
Linear Perspective
Parallel lines are perceived as closer together when farther away.
73
Texture Gradient
Objects seem more clustered together if farther away.
74
Relative Size
same object further away will look smaller
75
Light+Shadow
Distinguish bulges and indentions in objects
76
Height in Plane
objects near horizon perceived as more distant
77
Subliminal Perception
Processing of sensory info that occurs below the level conscious awareness Effect disappears when subjects are aware of or suspect subliminal influences Fairly unlikely to procude large-scale or enduring attitudes or decisional changes

PSYC Midterm- Chp. 4,5,6 (3 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions