chapter 4

Question 1

extrastriate cortex

Answer 1

the regions that border v1, progressively tuned for more complex features

Question 2

depth

Answer 2

when one object is in front of another, there will be a visual border formed between the object and the background

Question 3

gestalt

Answer 3

pattern or configuration

Question 4

gestalt psychology

Answer 4

wertheimer, kohler, kofka

Question 5

illusory contour

Answer 5

a false edge that is perceived but is not present in the physical stimulus

Question 6

occlusion

Answer 6

when an object is covered up by another object

Question 7

good continuation

Answer 7

two elements will tend to group together if they seem to fall on the same line

Question 8

closure

Answer 8

a closed contour is preferred to an open contour

Question 9

texture segmentation

Answer 9

parsing an image into regions of common texture properties

Question 10

similarity

Answer 10

features group together if similar in size/shape/etc

Question 11

proximity

Answer 11

features group together if they are close to each other

Question 12

parallelism

Answer 12

parallel contours tend to group together

Question 13

symmetry

Answer 13

symmetrical regions are more likely to be grouped

Question 14

figure-ground segmentation

Answer 14

the process of determining which item belongs to the foreground and which item belongs in the background

Question 15

global superiority effect

Answer 15

many experiments suggest that the properties of the whole object dominate local identities

Question 16

common problems for mid level vision

Answer 16

inferring edges
texture grouping
figure vs ground
occlusion
global vs local

Question 17

gestalt principles that help sole edge detection

Answer 17

good continuation
closure
similarity
proximity
parallelism
symmetry

Question 18

problems with gestalt principle

Answer 18

finding edges, texture segmentation, figure ground segmentation, wholes and parts

Question 19

what are the three basic challenges to object recognition?

Answer 19

multiple viewpoints, multiple classes of the same object, recognizing objects at different levels of specificity

Question 20

visual agnosia

Answer 20

the inability to recognize objects in spite of the ability of being able to see them

Question 21

apperceptive agnosia

Answer 21

low level vision is intact but cannot discriminate simple objects

Question 22

associative agnosia

Answer 22

can easily perceive objects as a whole but cannot verbally name them

Question 23

prosopagnosia

Answer 23

can perceive and name objects normally except for faces

Question 24

reasons why face processing is special

Answer 24

global effects, expertise, emotion

Question 25

thatcher illusion

Answer 25

face inversion effect when you rearrange the parts of an upside down face, it’s hard to notice and often seen as evidence that face face processing is global and orientation specific

Question 26

global effects

Answer 26

face recognition is not due to recognizing simple features, but also the overall continuation of features

Question 27

expertise

Answer 27

most people have an extreme amount of practice recognizing faces compared to other object classes

Question 28

emotion

Answer 28

faces often change as a function of emotional expression