CHAPTER 4

Question 1

is a management function which refers to “the structuring of resources and activities to accomplish objectives in an efficient and effective manner.”

Answer 1

Organizing

Question 2

The arrangement or relationship of positions within an organization

Answer 2

structure

Question 3

When structuring an organization, the engineer manager must be concerned with the following:

Answer 3

1. Division of labor
2. Delegation of authority
3. Departmentation
4. Span of control
5. Coordination

Question 4

determining the scope of work and how it is combined in a job.

Answer 4

Division of labor

Question 5

the process of assigning various degrees of decision-making authority to subordinates.

Answer 5

Delegation of authority

Question 6

the grouping of related jobs, activities, or processes into major organizational subunits.

Answer 6

Departmentation

Question 7

the number of people who report directly to a given manager

Answer 7

Span of control

Question 8

is the linking of activities in the organization that serves to achieve a common goal or objective.

Answer 8

Coordination

Question 9

It is “the planned structure” and it “represents the deliberate attempt to establish patterned relationships among components that will meet the objectives effectively.

Answer 9

formal organization

Question 10

is “the structure that details lines of responsibilities, authority, and position

Answer 10

formal organization

Question 11

The formal structure is described by management through:

Answer 11

1. organization chart
2. organizational manual and
3. policy manuals

Question 12

is a diagram of the organization’s official positions and formal lines of authority

Answer 12

organization chart

Question 13

provides written descriptions of authority relationships, details the functions of major organizational units, and describes job procedures

Answer 13

organizational manual

Question 14

describes personnel activities and company policies.

Answer 14

policy manual

Question 15

when members of an organization spontaneously form a group with friendship as a principal reason for belonging.

Answer 15

Informal groups

Question 16

are oftentimes very useful in the accomplishment of major tasks, especially if these tasks conform with the expectations of the members of the informal group.

Answer 16

Informal groups

Question 17

TYPES OF ORGANIZATIONAL STRUCTURES

Answer 17

1. Functional organization
2. Product or market organization
3. Matrix organization

Question 18

this is a form of departmentalization in which everyone engaged in one functional activity, such as engineering or marketing, is grouped into one unit.

Answer 18

Functional organization

Question 19

this refers to the organization of a company by divisions that brings together all those involved with a certain type of product or customer.

Answer 19

Product or market organization

Question 20

an organizational structure in which each employee reports to both a functional or division manager and to a project or group manager

Answer 20

Matrix organization

Question 21

are very effective in smaller firms, especially “single-business firms where key activities revolve around well-defined skills and areas of specialization.

Answer 21

Functional organization

Question 22

its feature of operating by divisions, is “appropriate for a large corporation with many product lines in several related industries, “

Answer 22

product or market organization

Question 23

according to Thompson and Strickland, “is a structure with two (or more) channels of command, two lines of budget authority, and two sources of performance and reward.”

Answer 23

Matrix Organization

Question 24

TYPES OF AUTHORITY

Answer 24

1. Line authority
2. Staff authority
3. Functional authority

Question 25

a manager's right to tell subordinates what to do and then see that they do it.

Answer 25

Line authority

Question 26

a staff specialist's right to give advice to a superior.

Answer 26

Staff authority

Question 27

a specialist's right to oversee lower-level personnel involved in that specialty, regardless of where the personnel are in the organization.

Answer 27

Functional authority

Question 28

perform tasks that reflect the organization's primary goal and mission

Answer 28

Line departments

Question 29

include all those that provide specialized skills in support of line departments

Answer 29

Staff departments

Question 30

Staff officers may be classified into the following:

Answer 30

1. Personal staff 2. Specialized staff

Question 31

those individuals assigned to a specific manager to provide needed staff services.

Answer 31

Personal staff

Question 32

those individuals providing needed staff services for the whole organization.

Answer 32

Specialized staff

Question 33

is a formal group of persons formed for a specific purpose.

Answer 33

committee

Question 34

Committees may be classified as follows:

Answer 34

1. Ad hoc committee 2. Standing committee

Question 35

one created for a short-term purpose and have a limited life. An example is the committee created to manage the anniversary festivities of a certain firm.

Answer 35

Ad hoc committee

Question 36

it is a relatively permanent committee that deals with issues on an ongoing basis. An example is the grievance committee set up to handle initially complaints from employees of the organization.

Answer 36

Standing committee