Chapter 4

Question 1

Contains binary commands for use by all users (on most Linux systems, this directory is a shortcut to /usr/bin)

Answer 1

/bin

Question 2

Contains the Linux kernel and files used by the boot loader

Answer 2

/boot

Question 3

Contains device files

Answer 3

/dev

Question 4

Contains system-specific configuration files

Answer 4

/etc

Question 5

Is the default location for user home directories

Answer 5

/home

Question 6

Contains shared program libraries (used by the commands in /bin and /sbin) as well as kernel modules

Answer 6

/lib

Question 7

A directory that contains subdirectories used for accessing (mounting) filesystems on removable media devices such as floppy disks, DVDs, and USB flash drives

Answer 7

/media

Question 8

An empty directory used for temporarily accessing filesystems on removable media devices

Answer 8

/mnt

Question 9

Stores additional software programs

Answer 9

/opt

Question 10

Contains process and kernel information

Answer 10

/proc

Question 11

Is the root user’s home directory

Answer 11

/root

Question 12

Contains system binary commands (used for administration)

Answer 12

/sbin

Question 13

Contains configuration information for hardware devices on the system

Answer 13

/sys

Question 14

Holds temporary files created by programs

Answer 14

/tmp

Question 15

Contains most system commands and utilities

Answer 15

/usr

Question 16

Is the location for most additional programs

Answer 16

/usr/local

Question 17

Contains log files and spools

Answer 17

/var

Question 18

Creates directories

Answer 18

mkdir

Question 19

Removes empty directories

Answer 19

rmdir

Question 20

Moves/renames files and directories

Answer 20

mv

Question 21

Copies files and directories full of files (with the –r or –R option)

Answer 21

cp

Question 22

Displays BASH shell aliases

Answer 22

alias

Question 23

Removes files and directories full of files (with the –r or –R option)

Answer 23

rm

Question 24

Removes files

Answer 24

unlink

Question 25

The section within an inode of a file or directory that lists the permissions assigned to users and groups on the file or directory.

Answer 25

access control list (ACL)

Question 26

A command used to change filesystem attributes for a Linux file.

Answer 26

chattr (change attributes) command

Question 27

A command used to change the group owner of a file or directory

Answer 27

chgrp (change group) command

Question 28

A command used to change the mode (permissions) of a file or directory.

Answer 28

chmod (change mode) command

Question 29

A command used to change the owner and group owner of a file or directory.

Answer 29

chown (change owner) command

Question 30

A command used to create copies of files and directories.

Answer 30

cp (copy) command

Question 31

A filesystem allocation unit in which the data that makes up the contents of the file as well as the filename are stored.

Answer 31

Data blocks

Question 32

A standard outlining the location of set files and directories on a Linux or UNIX system.

Answer 32

Filesystem Hierarchy Standard (FHS)

Question 33

A command used to find files on the filesystem using various criteria.

Answer 33

find command

Question 34

A command used to list all ACL entries for a particular Linux file or directory.

Answer 34

getfacl (get file ACL) command

Question 35

When used in the mode of a certain file or directory, the collection of users who have ownership of that file or directory.

Answer 35

Group

Question 36

A file joined to other files on the same filesystem that shares the same inode.

Answer 36

Hard link

Question 37

The portion of a file that stores information on the file’s attributes, access permissions, location, ownership, and file type.

Answer 37

Inode

Question 38

The collection of inodes for all files and directories on a filesystem.

Answer 38

Inode table

Question 39

The mode that file management commands use when a file can be overwritten; the system interacts with a user asking the user to confirm the action.

Answer 39

Interactive mode

Question 40

A command used to create hard and symbolic links.

Answer 40

ln (link) command

Question 41

A command used to locate files from a file database.

Answer 41

locate command

Question 42

A command used to list filesystem attributes for a Linux file.

Answer 42

lsattr (list attributes) command

Question 43

A command used to create directories.

Answer 43

mkdir (make directory) command

Question 44

The part of the inode that stores information on access permissions.

Answer 44

Mode

Question 45

A command used to move/rename files and directories.

Answer 45

mv (move) command

Question 46

When used in the mode of a certain file or directory, all the users on the Linux system.

Answer 46

Other

Question 47

The user whose name appears in a long listing of a file or directory and who has the ability to change permissions on that file or directory

Answer 47

Owner

Question 48

Used to change user passwords.

Answer 48

passwd command

Question 49

A variable that stores a list of directories that will be searched in order when commands are executed without an absolute or relative pathname.

Answer 49

PATH variable

Question 50

A list that identifies who can access a file or folder and their level of access.

Answer 50

Permissions

Question 51

The group that is specified for a user in the /etc/passwd file and set as the group owner for all files created by a user.

Answer 51

Primary group

Question 52

The process of excluding files, directories, or filesystems from being processed by a command.

Answer 52

Pruning

Question 53

A term referring to itself and its own contents; a recursive search includes all subdirectories in a directory and their contents.

Answer 53

Recursive

Question 54

A command used to remove files and directories.

Answer 54

rm (remove) command

Question 55

A command used to remove empty directories.

Answer 55

rmdir (remove directory) command

Question 56

A command used to modify ACL entries for a particular Linux file or directory.

Answer 56

setfacl (set file ACL) command

Question 57

The portion of a command that refers to the file or directory from which information is taken.

Answer 57

source file/directory

Question 58

The portion of a filesystem that stores critical information, such as the inode table and block size.

Answer 58

superblock

Question 59

A pointer to another file on the same or another filesystem; commonly referred to as a shortcut.

Answer 59

symbolic link

Question 60

The portion of a command that refers to the file or directory to which information is directed.

Answer 60

target file/directory

Question 61

A command commonly used to create new files. Its original intended purpose was to update the time stamp on a file.

Answer 61

touch command

Question 62

A command used to locate executable files on the system; it returns the first alias or directory within the PATH variable for the command.

Answer 62

type command

Question 63

A special variable used to alter the permissions on all new files and directories by taking away select default file and directory permissions.

Answer 63

Unmask

Question 64

The command used to view and change the umask variable.

Answer 64

umask command

Question 65

A command used to delete files.

Answer 65

unlink command

Question 66

A command used to locate executable files on the system; it returns any directories within the PATH variable for the command, as well as the location of associated man pages and info pages.

Answer 66

whereis command

Question 67

A command used to locate executable files on the system; it returns any aliases and directories within the PATH variable for the command.

Answer 67

which command