Chapter 4 Flashcards
Pertaining to a primary tissue that covers the body surface, lines its internal cavities, and forms glands.
Epithelial tissue
Special Characteristics of Epithelial Tissues
- Polarity
- Specialized contacts
- Supported by connective tissue
- Avascular but innervated
- Regeneration
Description: Single layer of flattened cells with Deric-shaped central nuclei and sparse cytoplasm; the simplest of the epithelia
Epithelium: simple squamous
Function: Allows materials to pass by diffusion and filtration in sites where protection is not important; secretes lubricating substances in serosae (lining of ventral body cavity)
Epithelium: Simple Squamous
Location: Kidney glomeruli; air sacs of lungs; lining of heart, blood vessels, and lymphatic vessels; serosae
Epithelium: Simple Squamous
Description: Single layer of cube-like cells with large, spherical central nuclei
Epithelium: Simple Cuboidal
Function: Secretion and absorption
Epithelium: Simple Cuboidal
Location: Kidney tubules; ducts and secretory portions of small glands; ovary surface
Epithelium: Simple Cuboidal
Description: Single layer of tall cells with rounded dot oval nuclei; many cells bear microvilli, some bear cilia,; layer may contain mucus-secreting unicellular glands (goblet cells)
Epithelium: Simple Columnar
Function: Absorption; secretion of mucus, enzymes, and other substances; ciliated type propels mucus 9or reproductive cells) by ciliary action
Epithelium: Simple Columnar
Location: Nonciliated type lines most of the digestive tract (stomach to rectum), gallbladder, and excretory ducts of some glands; ciliated variety lines small bronchi, uterine tubes, and some regions of the uterus
Epithelium: Simple Columnar
Description: Singe layer of cells of differing heights, some not reaching the free surface; nuclei seen at different levels; may contain mucus-secreting cells and bear cilia
Epithelium: Pseudostratified columnar
Function: Secrete substances, particularly mucus; propulsion of mucus by ciliary action
Epithelium: Pseudostratified columnar
Location: Ciliated variety lines the trachea and most of the upper respiratory tract; nonciliated type in males’ sperm-carrying ducts and ducts of large glands
Epithelium: Pseudostratified columnar
Description: Thick epithelium composed of several layers; basal cells are cuboidal or columnar and metabolically active; surface cells are flattened (squamous); in the keratinized type, the surface cells are full of keratin and dead; basal cells are active in mitosis and produce the cells of the more superficial layers
Epithelium: Stratified Squamous
Function: Protects underlying tissues in areas subjected to abrasion
Epithelium: Stratified Squamous
Location: Nonkeratinized type form the moist lining of the esophagus, mouth, and vagina; keratinized variety forms the epidermis of the skin, a dry epithelium
Epithelium: Stratified Squamous
Description: Resembles both stratified squamous and stratified cuboidal; basal cells cuboidal or columnar; surface cells dome shaped or squamous like, depending on degree of organ stretch
Epithelium: Transitional
Function: Stretched readily, permits stored urine to distend urinary organ
Epithelium: Transitional
Location: Lines the ureters, bladder, and part of the urethra
Epithelium: Transitional
Glands that have ducts through which their secretions are carried to a particular site.
Exocrine glands
Ductless glands that empty their hormonal products directly into the blood.
Endocrine glands
Description: Gel-like matrix with all three fibre types; cells: fibroblasts, macrophages, mast cells, and some white blood cells
Function: Wraps and cushions organs; its macrophages phagocytize bacteria; plays important role in inflammation; holds and conveys tissue fluid
Location: Widely distributed under epithelia of body, e.g., forms laminate proprietors of mucous membranes; packages organs; surrounds capillaries
Connective Tissue ->Proper -> Loose -> Areolar
A primary tissue; form and function vary extensively. Functions include support, storage, and protection.
Connective tissue
