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Flashcards in Chapter 4 Deck (32)
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1
Q

the body of government that makes laws

A

Legislature

2
Q

legislature with two chambers

A

Bicameral Legislature

3
Q

a government in which decisions are made through representatives of the people

A

Republic

4
Q

a legislature with one chamber

A

Unicameral Legislature

5
Q

the branch of government responsible for putting laws into effect

A

Executive

6
Q

an intermediary body that elects the president

A

Electoral College

7
Q

government in which the executive is chosen independently of the legislature and the two branches are separate

A

Presidential System

8
Q

government in which the executive is chosen by the legislature from among its members and the two branches are merged

A

Parliamentary System

9
Q

the power to interpret laws and judge whether a law has been broken

A

Judicial Power

10
Q

the power of the supreme court to rule on the constitutionality of laws

A

Judicial Review

11
Q

an alternative to judicial review, the acceptance of legislative acts as the final law of the land

A

Legislative Supremacy

12
Q

the institutional arrangement that assigns judicial, executive, and legislative powers to different persons or groups, thereby limiting the powers of each

A

Separation of powers

13
Q

the principle that allows each branch of government to exercise some form of control over the others

A

Checks and balances

14
Q

a political system in which authority is divided between different levels of government

A

Federalism

15
Q

congressional powers specifically named in article I:9

A

Enumerated Powers

16
Q

constitutional authorization for congress to make any law required to carry out its powers.

A

Necessary and Proper clause

17
Q

constitutional declaration (article VI) that the Constitution and laws made under its provisions are the supreme law of the land

A

Supremacy Clause

18
Q

powers that are shared by both the federal and state governments

A

Concurrent powers

19
Q

the federal system under which the national and state governments are responsible for separate policy areas

A

Dual federalism

20
Q

the federal system under which the national and state governments share responsibilities for most domestic policy areas

A

cooperative federalism

21
Q

government in which all power is centralized (Britain)

A

Unitary systems

22
Q

government in which local units hold all the power (articles of confederation)

A

Confederal systems

23
Q

supreme court ruling (1819) confirming the supremacy of national over state government

A

McCulloch v. Maryland

24
Q

supreme court ruling (1824) establishing national authority over interstate business

A

Gibbons v. Ogden

25
Q

declaration by a state that a federal law is void within its borders

A

Nullification

26
Q

the transfer of powers and responsibilities from the federal government to the states

A

Devolution

27
Q

federal funds provided for a specific purpose, restricted by detailed instructions, regulations, and compliance standards

A

Categorical grant

28
Q

federal funds provided for a broad purpose , unrestricted by detailed requirements and regulations

A

block grant

29
Q

a federal order mandating that states operate and pay for a program created at the national level.

A

unfunded mandate

30
Q

citizen petitions to place a proposal or constitutional amendment on the ballot, to be adopted or rejected by majority vote, bypassing the legislature

A

initiative

31
Q

an election in which a bill passed by the state legislature is submitted to voters for approval

A

referendum

32
Q

votes to remove elected officials from office

A

recall elections