Chapter 4

Question 1

Study of small living organisms called microbes

Answer 1

Microbiology

Question 2

Dirty

Answer 2

Contaminated

Question 3

Germs or microbes, are one-celled, microorganisms

Answer 3

Bacteria

Question 4

Disease producing bacteria

Answer 4

Pathogenic

Question 5

Nondisease-producing bacteria

Answer 5

Nonpathogenic

Question 6

Nonpathogenic bacteria that live on dead matter

Answer 6

Saprophytes

Question 7

The study of bacteria

Answer 7

Bacteriology

Question 8

Spherical or round-shaped bacterial cells, which appear singularly or in groups

Answer 8

Cocci

Question 9

Pus-forming bacterial cells that for grape-like bunches or clusters and are present in abscesses,pustules, and boils.

Answer 9

Staphylococci

Question 10

Pus forming,form in long chains, can cause septicemia

Answer 10

Streptococci

Question 11

Grow in pairs, can cause infections such as pneumonia

Answer 11

Diplococci

Question 12

Most common bacterial cell, bar/rod shaped, produce a variety of diseases (tetanus, bacterial influenza, typhoid fever,tuberculosis and diptheria)

Answer 12

Bacilla

Question 13

Spiraled, coiled, corkscrew shaped; cause highly contagious diseases such as syphilis and cholera

Answer 13

Spirilla

Question 14

Vegetative state, bacteria reproduce and grow rapidly

Answer 14

Active stage

Question 15

Unfavorable conditions, cells die or become inactive

Answer 15

Inactive stage

Question 16

Hair-like projections that move the cells using a wave-like motion

Answer 16

Flagella

Question 17

Hair-like projections, found in the cells, used to move cells with a wave-like motion

Answer 17

Cillia

Question 18

Sub-microscopic infectious agent that replicates itself only within cells of living hosts

Answer 18

Virus

Question 19

Personal service workers; information released to estheticians by cdc

Answer 19

PSW

Question 20

Highly infectious disease that affects the liver

Answer 20

HBV

Question 21

Life-threatening viral disease

Answer 21

HIV

Question 22

Highly infectious disease caused by HIV, interferes with the body’s natural immune system and causes it to break down

Answer 22

AIDS

Question 23

Organisms that feed and grow on other living organisms, contribute nothing to their host and cause contagious diseases

Answer 23

External parasites

Question 24

Growth of a parasitic organism within the body

Answer 24

Infection

Question 25

Microorganisms of an infection, include viruses, bacteria,protozoa, and fungi

Answer 25

Pathogens

Question 26

Transmitted through blood or bodily fluids and cause infectious diseases

Answer 26

Blood Borne pathogens

Question 27

Airborne pathogens that can travel through the air and can be transmitted from one person to another through casual contact

Answer 27

Contagious infection/ communicable disease

Question 28

Contagious and potentially fatal infection caused by airborne bacteria that first affect the lungs

Answer 28

Tuberculosis

Question 29

Caused by pathogenic bacteria or viruses that enter the body and multiply to the point of interfering with the body's normal state

Answer 29

Infectious disease

Question 30

Cause infection and are communicable by casual contact

Answer 30

Contagious disease

Question 31

Present in a small, confined area often indicated by a pus-filled boil, pimple or inflammation

Answer 31

Local infection

Question 32

Infection occurs when the circulatory system carries bacteria and their toxins to all parts of the body

Answer 32

General/ systemic infection

Question 33

Using consistent infection-control procedures for all clients

Answer 33

Universal precautions

Question 34

The body's ability to destroy infectious agents that enter it

Answer 34

Immunity

Question 35

Partially inherited, natural resistance to disease

Answer 35

Natural immunity

Question 36

Occurs through vaccinations, or the injection of antigens

Answer 36

Passive immunity

Question 37

The term used to describe efforts to prevent the spread of disease and kill microbes

Answer 37

Infection control

Question 38

When bacteria is spread by contaminated equipment,surfaces, or food

Answer 38

Cross-contamination

Question 39

The ability to produce results, or effectiveness

Answer 39

Efficacy

Question 40

Infection control involving low-level destruction of surface bacteria

Answer 40

Sanitation

Question 41

Process of eliminating bacteria, viruses and most organisms on inanimate non-porous surfaces

Answer 41

Disinfection

Question 42

Form required by OSHA that provides information on specific products regarding ingredients, associated hazards, combustion levels and storage

Answer 42

Material Safety Data Sheets

Question 43

Organization in charge of approving the efficacy of products used for infection control

Answer 43

Environmental Protection Agency

Question 44

Hospital level disinfectant; fungicidal, germicidal, pseudomonocidal, virucidal

Answer 44

Broad-spectrum disinfectant

Question 45

Procedure that eliminates all living organisms on non-porous surfaces, including spores

Answer 45

Sterilization

Question 46

Non-invasive implements used to perform treatments

Answer 46

Critical objects

Question 47

Adjustment of settings on a piece of equipment so that it operates safely to manufacturer instructions

Answer 47

Calibration

Question 48

Machine that utilizes UV light to kill bacteria in a dry setting

Answer 48

Ultraviolet sterilizer

Question 49

Pressurized, steam-heated piece of equipment that sterilizes objects with high pressure and heat

Answer 49

Autoclave

Question 50

Sterilizes surgical instruments with high-pressure, high-temperature water vapor, alcohol and formaldehyde vapor

Answer 50

Chemiclave

Question 51

Make contact with intact skin, need to be sterilized

Answer 51

Non-critical objects

Question 52

May make contact with mucous membranes or skin that is not intact, need to be disinfected

Answer 52

Semi-critical objects

Question 53

Minor burn that affects the out layer of skin; pain, swelling, and redness

Answer 53

First degree burn

Question 54

Burn affected both the epidermis and underlying dermis; pain, swelling, redness, blisters

Answer 54

Second degree burn

Question 55

Destroys all layers of skin and damages underlying tissue, including nerves

Answer 55

Third degree burn

Question 56

Person that carries disease-producing bacteria or viruses with no recognizable symptoms of the disease

Answer 56

Asymptomatic carrier

Question 57

Fungi that require keratin for growth; cause superficial infections of the skin,hair and nails

Answer 57

Dermatophytes

Question 58

Ability to move spontaneously and actively, consuming energy in the process

Answer 58

Motility

Question 59

Diverse group of unicellular eukaryotic organisms; single-called organisms with animal-like behaviors

Answer 59

Protozoa

Question 60

Quaternary ammonium cations; antimicrobial activity believed to act by disrupting the cell membrane. Used to sanitize

Answer 60

QUATS