Chapter 4

Question 1

Judgment Phase

Answer 1

Make sure participants are considering the right question

Question 2

Perspective taking

Answer 2

• knowing how to ask (use familiar language; read existing literature)
• pilot testing (focus groups; open-ended questions)

Question 3

Wording Questions Well

Answer 3

1) keep it simple
2) use informal language
3) avoid negations
4) avoid double-barreled questions
5) avoid forced-choice items
6) avoid questions that do not yield variance
7) avoid loaded questions
8) questions are relevant
9) multiple questions for same construct
10) mix it up
11) judgmental context
12) ease sensitive questions
13) ask sensitive questions sensitively
14) guarantee anonymity

Question 4

Response Translation Phase

Answer 4

Participants are able to convert their reaction to a meaningful answer

Question 5

Good scales

Answer 5

• wide range options
• intermediate level of response
• “don’t know” option

Question 6

Good anchors

Answer 6

• have endpoint anchors and middle anchors
• equal appearing intervals
• unipolar vs bipolar

Question 7

EGWA Scale

Answer 7

• Empirically Grounded, Well Anchored scale

- 6 point scale with anchors not, slightly, quite, and extremely

Question 8

Three steps to designing questionnaires

Answer 8

1) step back and think
2) write lots and lots of questions
3) analyze scale and derive best items

Question 9

Two major challenges to tests

Answer 9

• Are participants thinking about the same question that the researcher was thinking about?
• Can participants translate their internal state to some kind of value on a scale?