Chapter 4

Question 1

Fundamental Attribution Error

Answer 1

The tendency to overestimate the extent to which other people’s behavior is due to internal, dispositional factors and to underestimate the role of situational factors

Question 2

Perceptual Salience

Answer 2

The seeming importance of information that is the focus of people’s attention

Question 3

Self-Serving Attributions

Answer 3

Explanations for one’s successes that credit internal, dispositional factors and explanations for one’s failures that blame external, situational factors

Question 4

Belief in a Just World

Answer 4

A form of defense attribution; Bad things happen to bad people. Good things happen to good people

Question 5

Bias Blind Spot

Answer 5

We tend to think others people are more susceptible to attributional biases in their thinking than we are

Question 6

Covariation Model (Kelley)

Answer 6

A theory that states that to form an attribution about what caused a person’s behavior, we systematically note the patter between the presence or absence of possible cause factors and whether the behavior occurs