Chapter 4 & 5

Question 1

Chromosomes

Answer 1

Cell organelles specialized for storage and transmission of genes.

Question 2

Sister chromatids

Answer 2

Two identical halves of a chromosome.

Question 3

Homologous chromosomes

Answer 3

Chromosomes that match in size and shape

Question 4

Karyotype

Answer 4

Visual discription of the complete set of chromosomes

Question 4

Diploid vs haploid: Somatic cells and gametes

Answer 4

Somatic cells = diploid
Gametes = haploid

Question 5

Nondisjunction

Answer 5

Failure of homologous chromosomes or sister chromatids to separate properly during cell division, resulting in an abnormal number of chromosomes in daughter cells

Question 6

Mitosis vs Meisosis?

Answer 6

Mitosis: in somatic cells + production of identical diploid progeny cells
Meiosis: germ cells + 1st division homologous chromosomes seperate + 2nd division haploid chromosomes

Question 7

What is the result of no crossing over?

Answer 7

Parental ditype

Question 8

What is the result of single crossing over?

Answer 8

Tetratype

Question 9

What is the result of double crossover involvling 2 chromatids?

Answer 9

Parental ditype

Question 10

What is the result of double crossover involving 3 chromatids?

Answer 10

Tetratype

Question 11

What is the result of double crossover involving 4 chromatids?

Answer 11

Nonparental

Question 12

Mosaicism

Answer 12

Tissues with diff genotypes

Question 13

Linked genes

Answer 13

Two genes that are close together on the same chromosome, transmitted together more often than not

Question 14

Recombination frequency

Answer 14

Pairs of genes indicate how often two genes are transmited together
Greater physical distance between linked genes = higher frequency

Question 15

Genetic maps

Answer 15

Visual representations of relative recombination frequencies

Question 16

Tetrad analysis

Answer 16

(in fungi) reveals the relation between genetic recombination and segregation of chromosomes during meiosis