Chapter 4

Question 1

The franks

Answer 1

a member of a Germanic people that conquered Gaul in the 6th century and controlled much of western Europe for several centuries afterward.

Question 2

Pope

Answer 2

the bishop of Rome as head of the Roman Catholic Church.

Question 3

Monk

Answer 3

a member of a religious community of men typically living under vows of poverty, chastity, and obedience

Question 4

Missionary

Answer 4

a person sent on a religious mission, especially one sent to promote Christianity in a foreign country.

Question 5

Nun

Answer 5

a member of a religious community of women, especially a cloistered one, living under vows of poverty, chastity, and obedience.

Question 6

Monastery

Answer 6

a building or buildings occupied by a community of monks living under religious vows.

Question 7

Convent

Answer 7

a Christian community under monastic vows, especially one of nuns.

Question 8

Clovis

Answer 8

a Paleo-Indian culture of Central and North America, dated to about 11,500–11,000 years ago and earlier. The culture is distinguished by heavy, leaf-shaped stone spearheads.

Question 9

Charlemagne

Answer 9

Charlemagne (/ˈʃɑːrlᵻmeɪn/; 2 April 742/747/748 – 28 January 814), also known as Charles the Great (Latin: Carolus or Karolus Magnus) or Charles I (Frankish: *Karl), was King of the Franks.

Question 10

Carolingian dynasty

Answer 10

The Carolingian dynasty (known variously as the Carlovingians, Carolingus, Carolings or Karlings) was a Frankish noble family with origins in the Arnulfing and Pippinid clans of the 7th century AD.

Question 11

Middle Ages

Answer 11

the period of European history from the fall of the Roman Empire in the West (5th century) to the fall of Constantinople (1453), or, more narrowly, from circa 1100 to 1453.
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Question 12

Vikings

Answer 12

any of the Scandinavian seafaring pirates and traders who raided and settled in many parts of northwestern Europe in the 8th–11th centuries.
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Question 13

Mongols

Answer 13

a native or inhabitant of Mongolia; a Mongolian.
2.
the language of the Mongols; Mongolian.

Question 14

Genghis khan

Answer 14

(1162–1227), founder of the Mongol empire; born Temujin. He took the name Genghis Khan (‘ruler of all’) in 1206 after uniting the nomadic Mongol tribes, and by the time of his death his empire extended from China to the Black Sea.

Question 15

Khanate

Answer 15

Khanate or Khaganate is a political entity ruled by a Khan or Khagan. In modern Turkish, the word used is kağanlık or hanlık. In Mongolian the word khanlig is used, as in “Khereidiin khanlig” meaning the Khanate of the Keraites.

Question 16

The Golden Horde

Answer 16

The Golden Horde was a Mongol and later Turkicized khanate established in the 13th century and originating as the northwestern sector of the Mongol Empire

Question 17

Feudalism

Answer 17

the dominant social system in medieval Europe, in which the nobility held lands from the Crown in exchange for military service, and vassals were in turn tenants of the nobles, while the peasants (villeins or serfs) were obliged to live on their lord’s land and give him homage, labor, and a share of the produce, notionally in exchange for military protection.

Question 18

Vassal

Answer 18

a holder of land by feudal tenure on conditions of homage and allegiance.

Question 19

Knight

Answer 19

in the Middle Ages) a man who served his sovereign or lord as a mounted soldier in armor.

Question 20

Fief

Answer 20

an estate of land, especially one held on condition of feudal service.

Question 21

Chivalry

Answer 21

the medieval knightly system with its religious, moral, and social code.

Question 22

Manor

Answer 22

a large country house with lands; the principal house of a landed estate.

Question 23

Serf

Answer 23

an agricultural laborer bound under the feudal system to work on his lord’s estate.