Chapter 4 Flashcards
A CR that precedes the US is often a ___ response
Preparatory
Activity-Dependent Enhancement
Paired training of CS and US that produces an increase in the glutamate vesicles released from sensory to motor neurons
Inferior Olive
A nucleus of cells with connections to the thalamus, cerebellum and spinal cord
Interpositus Nucleus
One of the cerebellar deep nuclei
Purkinje Cell
A type of a large, drop shaped, and densely branching neuron in the cerebellar cortex
Conditioned Taste Aversion
A conditioning preparation in which a subject learns to avoid a taste that has been paired with an aversive outcome, usually nausea
Interstimulus Interval (ISI)
The temporal gap between the onset of the CS and the onset of the US
Trace Conditioning
A conditioning procedure in which there is a temporal gap between the end of the CS and the beginning of the US
Delay Conditioning
A conditioning procedure in which there is no temporal gap between the end of the CS and the beginning of the US, in which the CS co-terminates with the US
Trial-level Model
A theory of learning in which all of the cues that occur during a trial and all of the changes that result are considered a single event
CS Modulation Theory
Any of the theories of conditioning holding that the stimulus that enters into an association is determined by a change in how the CS Is produced
US modulation Theory
Any of the theories of conditioning that say the stimulus that enters into an association is determined by a change in how the US is processed
EX) error-correction principle
Latent Inhibition
A condition paradigm in which poor exposure to as CS retards later learning of the CS-US association during acquisition training
Associative Weight
In the Rescorla-Wagner model of conditioning, a value representation the strength of associations between a conditioned stimulus (CS) and an unconditioned stimulus (US)
Error-correction Learning
A mathematical specification of the conditions for learning that holds that the degree to which an outcome is surprising modulates the amount of learning that takes place
Prediction Error
The difference between what was predicted and what actually occurred
Blocking
a two-phase training paradigm in which prior to one cue (CS1->US) blocks later learning of a second cue when the two are paired together in the second phase of the training (CS1 + CS2-> US)
Overshadowing
A effect seen in compound conditioning when a more salient cue with in a compound acquires more association strength, and is thus, more strongly conditioned, than does the less salient cue
Compound Conditioning
The simultaneous conditioning of two cues, usually presented at the same time
Extinction
The process of reducing a learned response to a stimulus by ceasing to pair that stimulus with a reward or punishment
Homeostasis
The tendency of the Cody (inducing the brain) to gravitate toward a state of equilibrium or balance
Tolerance
A decrease in reaction to a drug so that larger doses are required to achieve the same effect
Eyeblink Conditioning
The classical conditioning procedure in which the US is an air puff to the eye and the conditioned and unconditioned responses are eye blinks
Aversive Conditioned
Conditioned in which the US is a negative event (such as a shock or an air puff to the eye)
