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System Analysis and Design > Chapter 4 > Flashcards

Chapter 4 Flashcards

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1
Q

random sample

A

A random sample is taken in a random,
unplanned manner. For example, a
random sample might be a sample that
selects any 20 custom

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2
Q

interview

A

A planned meeting during which
information is obtained from another
person.

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3
Q

personal information manager

A

A tool such as Microsoft Outlook that
helps manage tasks and schedules.
Many handheld devices also include this
function.

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4
Q

Open-ended questions

A 
Question that allows for a range of
answers. They encourage spontaneous
and unstructured responses, and are
useful in understanding a larger
process.
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5
Q

questionnaire

A

A document containing a number of
standard questions that can be sent to
many individuals. Also called a survey.

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6
Q

unstructured brainstorming

A

A group discussion where any

participant can speak at any time.

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7
Q

swim lanes

A

In a business process diagram, the
overall diagram is called a pool, and the
designated customer areas are called
swim lanes.

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8
Q

requirements planning phase

A

A phase that combines elements of the
systems planning and systems analysis
phases of the SDLC.

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9
Q

Research

A 
An important fact-finding technique.
Research can include the review of
journals, periodicals, and books to obtain
background information, technical
material, and news about industry
trends and developments
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10
Q

brainstorming

A

A fact-finding technique for gaining
information, through the use of a small
group discussion of a specific problem,
opportunity, or issue.

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11
Q

fill-in form

A

Form used to collect data on the

Internet or a company in

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12
Q

Outputs

A

Electronic or printed information

produced by an information system.

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13
Q

Zachman Framework for enterprise

Architecture

A

A model that asks the traditional factfinding questions in a systems
development context.

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14
Q

structured brainstorming

A

A group discussion where each
participant speaks when it is his or her
turn, or passes.

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15
Q

Closed-ended questions

A 
Question that limits or restricts the
range of responses. Used in the
interview process when specific
information or fact verification is
desired.
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16
Q

Rapid economic Justification (REJ)

A

A method for measuring total costs and
benefits developed by Microsoft and
used to analyze and optimize IT
investments.

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17
Q

functional decomposition diagram (FDD)

A

A top-down representation of business
functions and processes. Also called a
structure chart.

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18
Q

Document review

A

A review of baseline documentation. A
useful fact-finding technique that helps
an analyst understand how the current
system is supposed to work.

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19
Q

use case diagram

A

A visual representation that represents
the interaction between users and the
information system in UML (Unified
Modeling Language).

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20
Q

leading questions

A

Question that suggests or favors a

particular reply.

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21
Q

Scalability

A

Scalability means that a system can be
expanded, modified, or downsized easily
to meet the rapidly changing needs of a
business enterprise.

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22
Q

Security

A

Hardware, software, and procedural
controls that safeguard and protect a
system and its data from internal or
external threats.

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23
Q

systematic sample

Study These Flashcards
A 
A sample that occurs at a
predetermined periodicity. For example,
every tenth customer record might be
selected as a systematic sample for
review
24
Q

system requirement

Study These Flashcards
A

A characteristic or feature that must be
included in an information system to
satisfy business requirements and be
acceptable to users.

25
Range-of-response questions
Closedended questions that asks the person to evaluate something by providing limited answers to specific responses or on a numeric scale.
26
Hawthorne Effect
A phenomenon where employees who know they are being observed are more productive.
27
stratified sample
``` A sample where a set metric is collected across functional areas. For example, a certain percentage of transactions from every work shift, or five customers from each of four zip codes, could be a stratified sample. ```
28
engaged listening
``` The ability to really concentrate on what someone is saying, and avoid the temptation to hear what is expected. Also includes noticing non-verbal communication. ```
29
Scrum
``` A popular process with agile developers; refers to a powerful effort to achieve short-term goals, derived from a rugby term. In Scrum, team members play specific roles and interact in intense sessions. ```
30
user design phase
In this phase, users interact with systems analysts and develop models and prototypes that represent all system processes, outputs, and inputs.
31
Unified Modeling Language (UML)
``` A widely used method of visualizing and documenting software systems design. UML uses object-oriented design concepts, but it is independent of any specific programming language and can be used to describe business processes and requirements generally. ```
32
actor
An external entity with a specific role. In a use-case model, actors are used to model interaction with the system.
33
Inputs
Necessary data that enters a system, either manually or in an automated manner.
34
site visit
A visit to a physical location to observe | a system in use at another location.
35
cutover phase
``` A phase that resembles the final tasks in the SDLC implementation phase, including data conversion, testing, changeover to the new system, and user training. ```
36
survey
A document containing a number of standard questions that can be sent to many individuals. Also called a questionnaire
37
observation
A fact-finding technique where an analyst sees a system in action. Observation allows the verification of statements made in interviews.
38
sequence diagram
A diagram that shows the timing of transactions between objects as they occur.
39
construction phase
A phase that focuses on program and application development tasks similar to the SDLC.
40
informal structure
``` An informal structure usually is based on interpersonal relationships and can develop from previous work assignments, physical proximity, unofficial procedures, or personal relationship ```
41
Performance
System characteristics such as speed, volume, capacity, availability, and reliability.
42
pool
In business process modeling notation (BPMN), the overall diagram is called a poo
43
histogram
A common tool for showing the distribution of questionnaire or sampling results. It takes the form of a vertical bar chart.
44
sampling
``` As it relates to information systems, sampling is a process where an analyst collects examples of actual documents which could include records, reports, or various form ```
45
Productivity software
Software such as word processing, spreadsheet, database management, and presentation graphics programs.
46
agile methods
A standard set of shapes and symbols used to represent events, processes, and workflows in computer-based modeling tools.
47
business process model (BPM)
A graphical representation of one or | more business processes.
48
business process modeling notation | BPMN
A standard set of shapes and symbols used to represent events, processes, and workflows in computer-based modeling tools.
49
data flow diagram (DFD)
Diagram that shows how the system stores, processes, and transforms data into useful information.
50
joint application development (JAD)
``` A popular systems development technique that uses a crossmatrixed task group of users, managers and IT professionals that work together to gather information, discuss business needs, and define the new system requiremen ```
51
personal information manager (PIM)
A tool such as Microsoft Outlook that helps manage tasks and schedules. Many handheld devices also include this function.
52
processes
``` Procedure or task that users, managers, and IT staff members perform. Also, the logical rules of a system that are applied to transform data into meaningful information. ```
53
rapid application development (RAD)
``` A team-based technique that speeds up information systems development and produces a functioning information system. RAD is similar in concept to joint application development (JAD), but goes further by including all phases of the System Development Life Cycle (SDLC). ```
54
requirements modeling
``` Modeling that is used in the systems planning phase of the SDLC. It involves fact-finding to describe the current system and identify the requirements for the new system ```
55
system requirements document
``` A system requirements document, or software requirements specification, contains the requirements for the new system, describes the alternatives that were considered, and makes a specific recommendation to managemen ```
56
total cost of ownership (TCO)
A number used in assessing costs, which includes ongoing support and maintenance costs, as well as acquisition costs.

System Analysis and Design (3 decks)

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