Flashcards in Chapter 4 - Acids and redox Deck (18)
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1
What is acid?
Is a compound that releases hydrogen ions (H+, protons) in aqueous solution. It is a proton donor.
2
What is a monobasic acid?
an acid that has only 1 hydrogen ion to donate to a base in an acid-base reaction. It has 1 replaced hydrogen ion.
3
What is dibasic acid?
It has 2 replaced hydrogen ion.
(e.g H2SO4)
4
What is a tribasic acid?
It has 3 replaced hydrogen ion.
(e.g H3PO4)
5
What is a weak acid?
will partially dissociate in aqueous solution
6
What does strength mean?
refers to the amount of dissociation into hydrogen ions.
Strong -> Weak
7
What does concentration mean?
refers to amount of moles of the acid dissolved in 1dm3 of H2O.
Concentrated -> Dilute
8
What is a base?
is a substance that accepts hydrogen ions (H+, protons) from an acid.
It is a proton acceptor.
9
What are some common bases?
Metal oxides (e.g MgO, CuO)
Metal Hydroxides (e.g Ca(OH)2, Mg(OH)2)
Ammonia (NH3)
Amines (CH3NH3)
10
What are the bases Magnesium oxide (MgO) and calcium carbonate (CaCO3) used for?
Neutralises acid in the stomach (indigestion medicine)
11
What Calcium hydroxide (Ca(OH)2 used to?
Neutralises acidic soils
12
Give some examples of alkalis?
STRONG
Sodium hydroxide (NaOH)
Potassium hydroxide (KOH)
WEAK
Ammonia
13
What is a salt?
A salt is formed when the H+ ions in acid are replaced by a metal ion or an ammonium ion
14
acid + base ->
Salt + Water
15
acid + alkali ->
Salt + Water
16
acid + metal carbonate ->
Salt + CO2 + Water (fizzing)
17
acid + metal ->
Salt (ammonium)
18
