Chapter 4 and 5

Question 1

4 functions of reflecting?

Answer 1

1. verbal way of communicating empathy
2. is a form of feedback or a mirror that enables person to confirm or correct an impression
3. Reflecting stimulates further exploration of what the client is experiencing
4. Reflecting captures important aspects of the client’s message that otherwise might remain camouflaged

Question 2

what is reflecting

Answer 2

repeating back to the client his or her own thoughts and feelings and implied meanings in a condensed way, using different words and in a manner that communicates nonevaluative, nonjudgmental understanding.

Question 3

3 components of a clients message?

Answer 3

(1) the client’s understanding of the facts and his or her thoughts (a cognitive level), (2) the client’s underlying feelings (an emotional level), and (3) hidden meanings (an existential level

Question 4

review figure 4.1

Answer 4

…

Question 5

what is the first component of message to unpack and how is it done

Answer 5

facts and thoughts :reflecting story content and client thoughts, a skill that is called paraphrasing.

Question 6

3 types of reflecting skills?

Answer 6

paraphrase
reflection of feeling
reflection of meaning

Question 7

“So this week has been very difficult, at work and at home.”

Answer 7

paraphrase

Question 8

“If I understand, an old friend contacted you about getting together (content), and you are not looking forward to it (thoughts).”

Answer 8

paraphrase

Question 9

“You began looking at yourself as a failure because neither of these two important areas of your life are fulfilling at the moment.”

Answer 9

meaning

Question 10

After all that had happened, you were wary about continuing your friendship and perhaps you are still angry ).”

Answer 10

feeling

Question 11

You felt discouraged about your job and sad about the problems at home.”

Answer 11

reflecting feeling

Question 12

you want to see yourself as a forgiving person, but the fact that you harbor some resentment after all this time makes you doubt this view of yourself.”

Answer 12

meaning

Question 13

every communication has at least two dimensions: ..

Answer 13

the explicit and the implicit

Question 14

why is it important to make reflections

Answer 14

the helper gets more information about what has happened and the client’s emotional response to the events

Question 15

review reflections on page 88

Answer 15

…

Question 16

2 steps of paraphrasing

Answer 16

(1) listening carefully to the client’s story and then (2) feeding back to the client a condensed, nonjudgmental version of the facts and thoughts.

Question 17

a miniature version of the client’s story

Answer 17

paraphrase

Question 18

what’s wrong with questions

Answer 18

Questions, especially closed questions, can interrupt the flow of the client’s story and make the client feel as though he or she is under a microscope.

Question 19

what determines clients pace of sharing

Answer 19

personal history, previous experiences with helpers, and present emotional condition

Question 20

T: a way of conceptualizing a normal or average helping session during which you use the most common building blocks

Answer 20

nonjudgmental listening cycle (NLC)

Question 21

will you use the listening cycle once per session?

Answer 21

no many times

Question 22

what are the 7 parts of the listening cycle

Answer 22

open questions, minimal encouragers, closed question, paraphrase, refection of feeling, reflection of meaning, summary’

Question 23

The listening cycle is called nonjudgmental because the helper must demonstrate the attitude of …

Answer 23

positive regard

Question 24

what is positive regard

Answer 24

the ability to suspend judgment and accept a person regardless of his or her actions

Question 25

why do asian Americans drop out of therapy

Answer 25

worried about saving face (These may include affirming that self-disclosure is a natural part of the helping process and reframing the client/helper relationship as the exploration of problem solving rather than personal therapy.)

Question 26

A general guideline for the beginning of the session is to use a sequence of ...2 from an initial open question to encouragers to paraphrasing

Answer 26

invitational and reflecting skills

Question 27

who covers more topics beginners or experienced heplers

Answer 27

beginers= less depth

Question 28

review figure 4.2

Answer 28

.

Question 29

what should you use before paraphrasing

Answer 29

opening qs and encouragers

Question 30

simply list the major points the client has made in exactly the same way that the client said them. This is sometimes called ..

Answer 30

parroting

Question 31

the biggest distractions come from “...

Answer 31

mental noise.” your own thoughts

Question 32

biggest source of mental noise ?

Answer 32

worrying about what to say next

Question 33

you should never ask a client to repeat a statement

Answer 33

f is distracting but getting lost is worst

Question 34

As the helper, you must be present; when you are thinking about yourself and what you are going to do, your focus shifts away from what the client is saying why is being present important

Answer 34

Certainly being looked at and listened to tells the client that he or she is important in your eyes and conveys an acceptance that transcends words.

Question 35

“At work, the other women ignore me because I don’t go drinking with them on Friday nights, and they think I am the boss’s favorite. The boss always compliments me on my work. I can’t help it if they don’t work as hard as I do.” respond paraphrase

Answer 35

“So you see yourself as a hard worker, but you think your co-workers may be critical of you because of your dedication.”

Question 36

ways helpers are judgemental? ...

Answer 36

taking clients side or being judgemental of the client

Question 37

“At work, the other women ignore me because I don’t go drinking with them on Friday nights, and they think I am the boss’s favorite. The boss always compliments me on my work. I can’t help it if they don’t work as hard as I do.” paraphrase

Answer 37

“So you’re saying that your boss appreciates you, but in your mind, your co-workers don’t accept you.” (nonjudgmental paraphrase)

Question 38

he purpose of a paraphrase is to make sure that you understand the ..2 rather than to supply a solution

Answer 38

facts and the client’s thoughts

Question 39

should you end a paraphrase with a q

Answer 39

no Generally, when the helper tacks on a question, the client feels obligated to follow it

Question 40

review quick tips bottom of page 96

Answer 40

.

Question 41

practice page 99

Answer 41

.

Question 42

Understanding another person’s emotions helps us better understand the whole person because emotions give a window into ...4

Answer 42

motivation, current mental state, behavior, and how he or she views the world

Question 43

what is EI

Answer 43

the “ability to monitor one’s own and others’ feelings and emotions, to discriminate among them, and to use this information to guide one’s thinking and actions

Question 44

This skill of ... tells your client that you recognize the emotional background of the story. involves listening and then expressing in one’s own words the emotions stated or implied by the client

Answer 44

reflecting feelings

Question 45

where are the emotions in ones story

Answer 45

may be hidden in the content of the story or in the nonverbal responses of the client.

Question 46

what are the benefits of reflecting feelings

Answer 46

awareness of client on their emotions = express feelings deeper levels of self disclosure deepen client helper relationship =healing properties of therepudic relationship relief from emotional pressure = sort out and label feelings sorts out conflicting emotions

Question 47

Why It Is Difficult to Reflect Feelings

Answer 47

feelings may be hard to hear is that our upbringing, family background, and culture affect the way we express them= helper can only guess gender

Question 48

how does gender effect female emotional expression

Answer 48

won't admit non feminine feelings like anger and confidence

Question 49

what are the 2 steps in reflecting feelings

Answer 49

``` identifying feeling(s) putting the emotion into words ```

Question 50

best way to identify feeling?

Answer 50

think of yourself as the client, taking into account all the facts and also thinking about what you know about the client’s personality and history

Question 51

try to think about how you would feel in this situation

Answer 51

f ; instead, become the client and think about how he or she might feel.

Question 52

Once you have identified the emotion the client is feeling, the next step is ...

Answer 52

to put your understanding of the emotion into words. (harder than first step because of accuracy)

Question 53

Statements that reflect feelings take two forms.

Answer 53

you feel ... | it must have been...

Question 54

After one or two reflections of feeling, a helper may then use a reflection of feelings that connects emotions and content. what is the format for this

Answer 54

“You feel when .” The first blank is a reflection of the client’s feeling. The second blank explains the feeling by paraphrasing the content

Question 55

“I was floored. I had always thought that they had the perfect marriage.” respond with feeling and paraphrase

Answer 55

“You felt really disappointed when you found out he had apparently ­gotten over her death so quickly.”

Question 56

does every reflection have to be connected to a paraphrase

Answer 56

no sometimes just feeling is good

Question 57

tabel 5.1 has feeling words

Answer 57

..

Question 58

identify feelings in this: “First, we went to the drugstore; then we went to the grocery. We went to two or three other places and ended up in a bad part of town. All because he wanted this particular kind of candy. I had a lot to do that day. And this wasn’t the first time this kind of thing had happened. He’s a lot of fun most of the time; other times, he is a pain! What can you do?”

Answer 58

Annoyed or irritated when she had to spend so much time on a minor errand A little angry and rather scared when she ended up in a bad part of town Somewhat troubled about the relationship when there are both highs and lows, and perhaps hopeless when she says, “What can you do?”

Question 59

In English, we have at least .. words that describe feelings

Answer 59

3,000

Question 60

what are the 10 primary emotions

Answer 60

They are joy, sadness, anger, guilt and self-hostility, shame, fear, disgust, contempt, surprise, and interest/excitement. (biological roots)

Question 61

In addition to the primary emotions, three other categories of emotions are indicated in the table: feelings of ...3

Answer 61

weakness, feelings of strength, and feelings of general or nonspecific distress.

Question 62

should the feelings of weakness, feelings of strength, and feelings of general or nonspecific distress be avoided?

Answer 62

aiming to get more specific but can help you hone in

Question 63

the emotions are categorized by...

Answer 63

intensity

Question 64

The more closely you express the exact shade of feeling, the more the client will ...

Answer 64

sense that you understand his or her emotional experience

Question 65

some times you should .. Instead of Struggling to Find The Right Word

Answer 65

.Reflecting Multiple Feelings

Question 66

when you find yourself confused about what the client is feeling, go ahead and ..., and let the client’s response guide you to the exact feeling.

Answer 66

reflect the two or three major feelings you suspect

Question 67

So how can you help someone if you do not speak his or her language?

Answer 67

try to refer the person to a helper who does speak the language it is important for the helper to be patient and take the process very slowly, rather than jumping to conclusions about the meaning of the client’s words

Question 68

why not use a translator?

Answer 68

Translation is sometimes unreliable because certain words just cannot be expressed in another language

Question 69

is this open or closed? “How did you feel?” | why don't do this?

Answer 69

closed client does not feel that you understand—empathy is lost. can't pinpoint= conversation stall

Question 70

It is better to reflect inaccurately than never to reflect at all

Answer 70

t don't wait 10-15 min

Question 71

how do you avoid waiting tooo long to reflect a feeling

Answer 71

work first on becoming proficient at identifying feelings.

Question 72

problems in reflecting feelings?

Answer 72

Asking the Client, “How Did You Feel?” Waiting Too Long to Reflect Combining a Reflection and a Question fucsing on other people

Question 73

T: it is tempting to add a question after the reflecting statement

Answer 73

compound response

Question 74

there are four domains that can be a topic of discussion between helper and client

Answer 74

(1) talking about what is going on inside the client (focus here), (2) talking about the helper, (3) talking about the relationship between helper and client, and (4) talking about external factors such as the environment and other people

Question 75

“I am sick and tired of my sister butting into my life when she knows I need to make my own decisions.” reflect feeling

Answer 75

(Focusing on client through reflection of feeling and content) “So, you are frustrated by her advice and look forward to being able to run your own life.”

Question 76

Interrupting too soon is a mistake so one should let the client talk without responding

Answer 76

f both are mistakes

Question 77

how can you avoid letting the client talk too long

Answer 77

give yourself permission to stop clients and make reflections.

Question 78

“My best friend, Hope, and I are not as close as we used to be. Sometimes I think she just wants to neutralize our relationship. It seems like she has no time for me, like she doesn’t care.” interrupt this

Answer 78

“I’m sorry to interrupt, but let me tell you what I know so far. You resent the fact that you and your friend don’t get together much anymore, but it is too scary to think about bringing it up.”

Question 79

“You feel you are getting somewhere now,” what's wrong with this

Answer 79

not a feelingyou have made an accurate paraphrase but it is not a reflection of the feeling

Question 80

... are often confused as feelings

Answer 80

thoughts

Question 81

means that the helper has reflected a feeling that is more intense than the one expressed by the client :T

Answer 81

overshooting

Question 82

reflecting a feeling that is too weak to adequately mirror the client’s emotion.

Answer 82

undershooting

Question 83

You may also try using ... such as a little angry, somewhat angry, or very angry to convey various shades of emotional intensity.

Answer 83

qualifiers

Question 84

Letting Your Reflecting Statements Go On Too Long what formula should you follow to avoid this

Answer 84

you feel ... when ....

Question 85

The feeling component of the message is often hidden because disclosure of feelings is bound by ...3

Answer 85

culture, gender training, and family rules