Chapter 4 Cycloalkanes Flashcards
(15 cards)
Cycloalkanes
An alkane that consists of a ring of carbons
Alicyclic
A non aromatic cyclic hydrocarbon like cycloalkane and cycloalkene
Stereoisomers
Isomers that have their atoms connected in the same order but have different 3D arrangements
Stereochemsitry
The branch of chemistry concerned with the 3D arrangement of atoms in molecules
Cis-trans isomer
Stereoisomers that differ in their stereochemistry about a ring or a double bond
Angle strain
The strain introduced into a molecule when a bond angle is deformed from its ideal value
Most significant in small cycloalkanes
Torsional Strain
The strain in the molecule caused by electron repulsion between eclipsed bonds. (Eclipsing strain)
Steric strain
The strain imposed on a molecule when the two groups are too close together and try to occupy the same space.
Chair conformation
A 3D conformation of cyclohexane that resembles the rough shape of a chair. Lowest energy conformation
Twist Boat conformation
A conformation of cyclohexane that is somewhat more stable than a pure boat boat conformation
Axial Bond
A bond to chair cyclohexane that lies along the ring axis perpendicular to the rough plane of the ring
Equatorial bond
A bond to cyclohexane that lies along the rough equator of the ring
1-3 diaxial interactions
Causes the steric strain that causes energy differences between axial and equatorial conformations
Conformational Analysis
A means of assessing the energy of a substituted molecule at any given instant, assuming rotation around single bonds is frozen
Polycyclic compound
A compound that contains more than one ring
