Chapter 4 - Dose Form

Question 1

_______ final form of drug to be used as dose

Answer 1

Dosage form

Question 2

Division of dosage form:

Answer 2

1. Liquid
2. Solid
3. Semisolid
4. Gas

Question 3

1. Types of Liquid form: حفظ بصم هني وانواعهن

Answer 3

A. Aqueous preparation: Solutions, Syrups, Emulsions, Suspension, Infusions, Decoction, Lotion.
B. Alcoholic preparation: Elixirs, spirits, tinctures.

Question 4

_______ are homogenous mixture of one or more solutes dispersed in a dissolving medium (solvent)

Answer 4

Solution - liquid form

Question 5

________ are aqueous solution containing sugar, Used as a flavoring agent and to aid in solubility.

Answer 5

Syrups - liquid form

Question 6

_______ are mixture of small water insoluble solid drug

Answer 6

Suspension - liquid form
- shaking before use to increase entropy

Question 7

________ It is intimate mixture of two immiscible liquids. are milky solutions with bitter taste and odour.

Answer 7

Emulsion - liquid form
- shaking before use
مادتين بذبنش مع بعض (مش مي)

Question 8

______ obtained by boiling in water dried plant.

Answer 8

Decoction - liquid form

Question 9

_______ obtained by soaking dried plants in cold or boiling water. like decoctions, they spoil quickly

Answer 9

Infusio- liquid form

Question 10

What the different between decoction and infusion:

Answer 10

is that decoction extracts a larger amount, is more sterile, and has a longer life. However, not all substances can withstand high temperatures, so infusion is used for those.

Question 11

_________ sweetened and flavoured hydroalcoholic solutions that contain varying amounts of alcohol. medicated when they include specific drug.

Answer 11

Elixirs - liquid foam alcohol
استخلاص مادة عن طريق الكحول وتركيزه بكون عالي

Question 12

_______ volatile oils dissolved in alcohol

Answer 12

Spirits (essences) - liquid form
- نسبة الكحول فيه قليلة
Aid in dissolve water and drug

Question 12

______ alcoholic solutions of non-volatile substances

Answer 12

Tinctures - liquid form
- external use
- كحول مع مادة صابغة
- more stable
Examples: tincture iodine , tincture belladonna

Question 13

2. Solid form:

Answer 13

1. Tablet
2. Capsule
3. Powder

Question 14

Tablets - solid form

Answer 14

1. Tablets that are swallowed whole.
   - Score line for dose splitting.
   - It is an active substance dissolved in a sugary base.

Question 15

Tablet - solid form

Answer 15

2. Effervescent tablets (with carbonate)
3. Sblingual tablets (not absorb in digestive system)
4. Control release tablet

Question 16

Control release tablet: advantage , types

Answer 16

• The capsule masks the bad taste of the drug and resists acidity
• hard gelatine capsule = ال release بصير بعد المعدة
• soft gelatine capsule = ال release بنهاية المعدة

Question 17

Controlled-release capsules

Answer 17

The drug is administered orally part of it is degraded by lipase and another part by gastric acidity. it functions as multiple doses based on the site of release.

Question 18

Powder - solid form

Answer 18

• may be dispensed in small paper packets or in bulk.
  استخدامه external و internal
  ممكن تنضاف على المي وتصير solution

Question 19

3. Semisolid form:

Answer 19

1. Ointment - مادة فعالة مذابة بدهون على شكل gel وبكون حامل للمادة الفعالة
2. Cream - بحتوي على نشا اكثر من ال ointment هون المادة الفعالة بتكون watery اكثر
3. Suppositories تحاميل
4. Liniment - vasodilation
5. Gel حامل للمادة الفعالة وبكون liquid اكثر من ال ointment

Question 20

Targeted Drug delivery system:

Answer 20

The drug is enclosed within a liposome that targets specific receptors; upon binding, it facilitates the release of the drug.

Question 21

__________ is a technique that involves the encapsulation of small particles or solution of drugs in a polymer film or coat.

Answer 21

Microencapsulation

Question 22

Microencapsulation

Answer 22

It has the same concept as a capsule, but uses nanotechnology, and its pharmacokinetics are more efficient.