Chapter 4 Grammar Flashcards
(42 cards)
What is one easy way to change a statement into a question?
1) add a question mark
2) signal a question by adding -ne to the end of the first word in the sentence
e.g. agricolane nautam audit?
Does the farmer listen to the sailor?
In Latin, if the question is introduced with “nonne,” it is assuming. . .
an affirmative answer
In Latin, if the question is introduced with “num,” it is assuming. . .
a negative answer
Translate: nonne agricola nautam videt?
Doesn’t the farmer see the sailor?
Expected answer: videt
Translate: num agricola nautam videt?
The farmer doesn’t see the sailor, does he?
Expected answer: non videt
What do we call this type of question (not formally):
“Do you see the sailor or the farmer?”
a “double” question
How are double questions introduced?
The first part is introduced using -ne, or utrum
The second part of the double question must be introduced using “an” or “anne”
What particle do we use for a question like “Do you see the sailor of not?” where the answer may be YES or NO
the particle “annon”
nautam(ne) vides annon
possible answers: video, OR non video
WHY
cur
WHEN
quando
How
quomodo
Where
ubi
Why don’t you need to add “-ne” etc. to words such as cur, quando, quomodo, and ubi?
They are already interrogative
cur
why
quando
when
quomodo
how
ubi
where
Present tenses of the verb “sum”
sum = I am
sum
es
est
sumus
estis
sunt
Future tenses of the verb “sum”
sum = I am
ero
eris
erit
erimus
eritis
erunt
Imperfect tenses of the verb “sum”
sum = I am
eram
eras
erat
eramus
eratis
erant
Present infinitive of “sum”
esse
What are the imperative forms of “sum”
es or esto
este or estote
What are the 3 principal parts of the verb “I am”
sum
esse
fui
“sum” does not take a direct object. What does it take instead?
- it takes a predicate
- e.g. The poet will be a pirate –> poeta pirata erit
BOTH poeta and pirata are in the nominative case
