Chapter 4 Key Terms

Question 1

Acid Base Reaction

Answer 1

Also known as a neutralization reaction, involves an acid and a base combining to produce a salt and water.

Question 2

Actual Yield

Answer 2

The amount of product produced by a reaction in experiment,

Question 3

Aqueous solution

Answer 3

A solution where water is the solvent.

Question 4

Arrhenius Definition of Acid and Base

Answer 4

Acids release H+ when dissolved, bases release OH-

Question 5

Complete Ionic Equation

Answer 5

A representation of a chemical equation that shows all dissolved ions as separate reactants/products

Question 6

Concentrated Solution

Answer 6

A solution that contains a lot of solute relative to solvent

Question 7

Dilute solution

Answer 7

A solution with relatively little solute compared to solvent

Question 8

Diprotic acid

Answer 8

An acid with two protons that can be released when dissolved

Question 9

Electrolyte

Answer 9

A substance that conducts electricity when dissolved in water

Question 10

Equivalence point

Answer 10

The pint in a titration when there is no more reaction to be had

Question 11

Gas-evolution reaction

Answer 11

A reaction where two solutions are mixed and a gas is a product.

Question 12

Hydronium ion

Answer 12

H30+

Question 13

Indicator

Answer 13

A dye which changes color based on pH

Question 14

Insoluble

Answer 14

To be incapable or very difficult to dissolve in water

Question 15

Limiting reactant

Answer 15

The reactant in a reaction that is completely used in a reaction

Question 16

Molarity (M)

Answer 16

The concentration of a solution in moles per Liter

Question 17

Molecular Equation

Answer 17

An equation showing the complete neutral formula for each compound in a reaction.

Question 18

Net Ionic Equation

Answer 18

An equation that only shows the ions which were changed in an equation

Question 19

Nonelectrolyte

Answer 19

A substance which, when dissolved in water, does not conduct electricity.

Question 20

Oxidation State/Number

Answer 20

A number representing the hypothetical charge of an atom

Question 21

Oxidation Reduction (Redox) Reaction

Answer 21

A reaction involving the transfer of electrons and the change of oxidation states.

Question 22

Oxidation

Answer 22

The loss of one or more electrons

Question 23

Oxidizing agent

Answer 23

A substance that is reduced in a redox reaction

Question 24

Percent yeild

Answer 24

The percentage of the theoretical yield of a chemical reaction that is produced in an experiment

Question 25

Polyprotic acid

Answer 25

An acid with multiple ionizable protons

Question 26

Precipitate

Answer 26

A solid compound that forms in a solution as part of a precipitation reaction.

Question 27

Precipitation reaction

Answer 27

A chemical reaction between two aqueous solutions that results in the formation of a precipitate.

Question 28

Reducing agent

Answer 28

A substance that is oxidized in a redox reaction

Question 29

Reduction

Answer 29

The gaining of one or more electrons

Question 30

Salt

Answer 30

An ionic compound made of a non H+ cation and a non OH- anion

Question 31

Soluble

Answer 31

Able to dissolve in water

Question 32

Solute

Answer 32

The minority component of a solution

Question 33

Solution

Answer 33

Homogeneous mixture of two substances

Question 34

Solvent

Answer 34

The majority component of a solution

Question 35

Spectator ion

Answer 35

An ion in a complete ionic reaction that does not participate in the reaction

Question 36

Stock solution

Answer 36

A concentrated solution used in labs to keep from having to keep many concentrations of a solution on hand

Question 37

Stoichiometry

Answer 37

The numerical relationships between amounts of reactants and products in a balanced chemical equation

Question 38

Strong Acid

Answer 38

An acid that completely ionizes in a solution

Question 39

Strong Electrolyte

Answer 39

An electrolyte that completely disscociates into ions when dissolved in water

Question 40

Theoretical Yeild

Answer 40

The greatest possible amount of reaction that can happen

Question 41

Titration

Answer 41

When two solutions are mixed, one of known, one of unknown concentration, in order to calculate the unknown concentration.

Question 42

Weak Acid

Answer 42

An acid that fails to completely ionize when dissolved in water.

Question 43

Weak Electrolyte

Answer 43

An electrolyte that does not completely ionize, and only conducts some electricity