Chapter 8 Key Terms Flashcards Preview

Chemistry 105 > Chapter 8 Key Terms > Flashcards

Flashcards in Chapter 8 Key Terms Deck (18)
Loading flashcards...
1
Q

Aufbau principle

A

Principle that indicates the pattern of orbital filling in an atom

2
Q

Core electrons

A

Those electrons in a complete principle energy level and those in complete d and f subshells

3
Q

Covalent radius / bonding atomic radius

A

In nonmetals, one half the distance of two bonded elements, in metals, one half distance between two atoms in a crystal of the metal

4
Q

Degenerate

A

A term describing two+ orbitals with the same value of n that have the same energy

5
Q

Diamagnetic

A

The state of an atom that contains only paired electrons, repelled by magnetic feild

6
Q

Effective nuclear charge (Zeff)

A

Actual nuclear charge experienced by an electron - protons + inner electrons

7
Q

electron affinity (EA)

A

Energy change associated with gaining of an electron by an atom in its gaseous state

8
Q

Electron configuration

A

A notation that shows the orbitals that are occupied

9
Q

Hund’s Rule

A

Principle that when electrons fill degenerate orbitals, they first fill singly with parallel spins

10
Q

Ionization Energy (IE)

A

The energy required to remove an electron from an atom

11
Q

Orbital diagram

A

A diagram that gives information similar to an electron configuration but symbolizes an electron as an arrow in a box representing an orbital, and the direction representing spin

12
Q

Paramagnetic

A

An atom that contains unpaired electrons

13
Q

Pauli exclusion principle

A

No two electrons in an atom can have the same 4 quantum numbers

14
Q

Penetration

A

the phenomenon of some higher level orbitals having a significant amount of probability within the orbitals of lower levels

15
Q

Periodic property

A

A property of an element that is predictable based on an element’s place on the periodic table

16
Q

Sheilding

A

The effect on an electron of repulsion of other electrons that screen it from the positive nuclear charge

17
Q

Valence electrons

A

Electrons in the outermost principle shell

18
Q

Van der Waals radius

A

One half the distance between the centers of adjacent, nonbonding atoms in a crystal