Chapter 4 - Recognition

Question 1

Bottom up processing

Answer 1

• identify through info provided
• directly shaped by the image
• sensory info going from receptors to cortical areas

Question 2

Reasons why bottom-up processing may not always work (2 types of agnosia)

Answer 2

-1) apperceptive agnosia - impaired early vision
- can’t organize basic features, can’t copy drawings
2) associative agnosia - impaired late vision
- can’t recognize objects
- can’t put a name to drawings

Question 3

Top down processing

Answer 3

knowledge and expectations that influence interpretation of input

Question 4

visual search tasks

Answer 4

participants examine a display and judge weather a target is present (hardest when they’re different forms of stimuli)

Question 5

Priming

Answer 5

process which one input or cue prepares a person for an upcoming input or cue

Question 6

Repitition priming

Answer 6

occurs because stim is presented a second time making it more efficient on the second presentation

Question 7

WSE

Answer 7

research participants are more accurate in recognizing letters if the letters appear within a word than they are in recognizing letters appearing alone

Question 8

Well formedness

Answer 8

how closely a letter sequence conforms to the typical patterns of spelling in the language

Question 9

Layers of Feature nets

Answer 9

Bottom layer - features
Activation level - meaure of the current status for a node or detector (increased if input is frequent or recent)
Respond threshold - amount of info needed to trigger response

Question 10

Aspects of feature nets

Answer 10

• respond to simple elements of input
• knowledge is distributed not locally represented in one detector
• perfect accuracy is sacrificed for efficiency

Question 11

Inhibitory and Excitatory connections

Answer 11

Excitatory connections – connections that allow one detector to activate its neighbors

Inhibitory connections – activation of one decreases activation of another

Question 12

RBC and Geons

Answer 12

RBC model – crucial role played by geons which are building blocks with all the constructed ideas of the world
Geons – basic shapes that produce entire objects

Question 13

Face perception (extremes)

Answer 13

Prosopagnosia - can’t recognize faces
Super recognizers - reveal extreme ends of face perception abilities

Question 14

Imagery

Answer 14

• areas used for early visual processing are active during visualization imagery
• smaller scales = more imagery, imagery is correlated in change in brain signal
  Spatial vs Visual
• visual imagery - involves experiences seeing
• spatial imagery - involves moving through space

Question 15

Inversion effect

Answer 15

Inversion effect – specific face is hard to recognize upside down