Chapter 6 - Memory 1 Flashcards
The memory model
Incoming info – sensory motion – short term memory – maintenance through rehearsal – either lost or long term memory through retrieval
Sensory memory
holds onto input in raw sensory form – ionic memory for visual and echoic for auditory
Short term memory
place where you hold info while working on it
Working memory
ideas are activated currently being thought about
DIFFERENCES:
limited size, getting info is easy, getting info out is easy, about current info
Long term memory
contains all knowledge and beliefs most of which we don’t think about (not working)
DIFFERENCES:
enormous, episodic knowledge (about events), getting info is hard, slow to come out, less fragile not connected to present thoughts
Evidence supports modal model
Recency effect
Last few items are still in WM at time of recall
Primacy effect
Opportunity for memory rehearsal increased chances of transfer to LTM
Functions on WM
Working memory is used whenever multiple elements or ideas are combined or compared in mind
Individuals can differ in WM capacity
Digit-span task revealed a 7+/- chunk capacity
Operation span task assess WM capacity while its working
- More accurate and correlates with lots of interesting metrics
- Different areas of your brain are activated depending on the task
Entering LG storage
Maintenance rehearsal
Most basic form because it repetition
Relational or elaborative rehearsal
Looking for the meanings of the words and making connections
*BETTER
Depth of processing
Shallow processing – superficial engagement with material
- Focusing on physical aspects rather than meaning
- Is the word DOG in capital or lower-case letters
Deep processing – requires thinking about the meaning of the material
- Does the word DOG fit in the sentence, “He walked his ____”?
Intention to learn seems to not matter
- as long as you’re paying attention in both scenarios
