Chapter 4 (Skin & Body Membranes)

Question 1

What are the functions of body membranes (3)?

Answer 1

• cover body surfaces
• line body cavities
• form protective sheets around organs

Question 2

how are body membranes classified?

Answer 2

according to tissue type

Question 3

what are the 2 major categories of body membranes?

Answer 3

• epithelial membranes
• connective tissue membranes

Question 4

what are the 2 synonyms of epithelial membranes

Answer 4

covering membranes or lining membranes

Question 5

what are the 3 sub-categories of epithelial membranes?

Answer 5

• cutaneous
• mucous
• serous

Question 6

What are the 2 layers of tissues found in the cutaneous membrane?

Answer 6

2 layers called epidermis and dermis

Question 7

what does the epidermis look like?

Answer 7

keratinized stratified squamous epithelium

Question 8

what does the dermis look like?

Answer 8

dense fibrous connective tissue

Question 9

what is the sub-category of connective tissue membranes?

Answer 9

synovial membranes

Question 10

What is the characteristic of synovial membranes?

Answer 10

• it secretes a lubricating fluid
• lines joints, bursae and tendon sheats

Question 11

Tendon lines _________ together whereas joints lines _________________ together.

Answer 11

tendon = muscles
joints = junctions of bones

Question 12

what is the lubricating fluid secreted by synovial membranes used for?

Answer 12

to protect organs moving against each other when muscles move
= a sort of cushion for organs

Question 13

True or false:
the synovial membranes are made of both connective tissue and epithelial tissue.

Answer 13

false
only made of connective tissue, no epithelial tissue

Question 14

what is a epithelial membrane?

Answer 14

a simple organ that contain
1 layer of epithelial tissue (epidermis)
and
1 layer of connective tissue (dermis)

Question 15

true or false: the epithelial membrane contains one layer of connective tissue called “epidermis”

Answer 15

false
one layer of connective tissue called dermis

Question 16

true or false: the epithelial membrane contains one layer of epithelial tissue called “epidermis”

Answer 16

true

Question 17

What are the 2 layers found in mucous membranes?

Answer 17

epithelium
loose connective tissue called lamina propria

Question 18

what are the distinctions of the mucous membrane ?

Answer 18

• moist membrane
• can secrete protective & lubricating mucus
• adapted for absorption or secretion

Question 19

Where are the mucuous membranes found?

Answer 19

they line body cavities that open to the exterior

Question 20

out of the 2 layers found in mucous membranes, which one is the outermost layer (the one in contact with the exterior)?

Answer 20

the epithelium

Question 21

what are the 2 layers of the serous membrane ?

Answer 21

simple squamous epithelium
areolar connective tissue

Question 22

what is another name for serous membrane ?

Answer 22

serosae

Question 23

what is another name for mucous membrane ?

Answer 23

mucosa

Question 24

where are the serous membranes found?

Answer 24

line cavities that are closed to the exterior (in the ventral body)

Question 25

the serous membranes are present in pairs called _______ and _______, which are separated by a fluid called __________.

Answer 25

parietal serosa visceral serosa serous fluid

Question 26

____________ membrane can be found in the heart (closed to the exterior), whereas _________ membrane can be found in the trachea (open to the exterior)

Answer 26

serous mucuous

Question 27

out of the 2 pairs of the serous membranes, which one is found on the outermost side of the serous fluid?

Answer 27

parietal serosa visceral serosa is found in the inner side of the serous fluid.

Question 28

what is the name of the serous membrane that cover organs in the abdominal cavity?

Answer 28

peritoneum

Question 29

what is the name of the serous membrane that surrounds the lungs?

Answer 29

pleurae

Question 30

what is the name of the serous membrane that surrounds the heart?

Answer 30

pericardia

Question 31

What is integumentary system made of?

Answer 31

skin skin appendages (which include: sweat glands, oil glands, hair, nails)

Question 32

what are the functions of the integumentary system?

Answer 32

- insulates & cushion deeper body organs - synthesizes vitamin D - mini-excretory system - protect the body

Question 33

what does the integumentary system protects from?

Answer 33

protects the body from: - mechanical damage - chemical damage - thermal damage - UV radiation (sunlight) - microbes - water loss

Question 34

what is an example of mechanical damage that the integumentary system protects from?

Answer 34

bumps and cuts -> keratin & fat cells act as a pain/pressure receptor that alerts the nervous system

Question 35

what is an example of chemical damage that the integumentary system protects from?

Answer 35

acids and bases -> impermeable keratinized cells

Question 36

what is an example of thermal damage that the integumentary system protects from?

Answer 36

heat or cold ex: regulates heat loss by having heat/cold receptors

Question 37

how does the integumentary system synthesizes vitamin D?

Answer 37

it has modified cholesterol molecules within the skin that convert to vitamin D when exposed to sunlight

Question 38

how does the integumentary system aids in heat loss/retention?

Answer 38

heat loss -> activates sweat glands -> allows blood to flush into skin capillaries = heat can then travel to the skin surface heat retention -> don't allow blood to flush into skin capillaries