Chapter 46 Test

Question 1

Prevailing weather conditions in a region over time

Answer 1

Climate

Question 2

______ and ______ dictate the climate

Answer 2

Temperature and rainfall

Question 3

Temperature and rainfall are influenced by _____ factors

Answer 3

Two

Question 4

What are the two factors that temperature and rainfall are influenced by?

Answer 4

Solar radiation / tilt of the earth

The sun / topography

Question 5

The tilt of the earth effects temperature and rainfall because it establishes the _____

Answer 5

Seasons

Question 6

Movement of hot and cold air over the earth affects what ______ is where

Answer 6

Biome

Question 7

Effect of solar radiation

Answer 7

Air temperature / wind

Question 8

Physical features of the land

Answer 8

Topography

Question 9

Physical features of the land

Answer 9

Mountains
Coastal breeze
Lake effect snow

Question 10

Wet on the west, dry on the east

Answer 10

Rain shadow

Question 11

Heat from the land is replaced by heat from the water

At night, it’s opposite

Answer 11

Coastal breeze

Question 12

Arctic air gathers moisture and warms up, causing it to ride on the land, which causes the temperature to cool, causing condensation and snow

Answer 12

Lake effect snow

Question 13

Annual precipitation of a tundra

Answer 13

6-10 inches (mostly snow)

Question 14

In a tundra, this is permanently frozen ground

Answer 14

Permafrost

Question 15

Bird that lives in the tundra

Answer 15

Ptarmigan

Question 16

In a coniferous forest, this is also known as a boreal forest. It has the most drastic temperature changes

Answer 16

Taiga

Question 17

Trees with needles in a coniferous forest have…

Answer 17

Waxy coating holds water
Creates wind resistance
Snow falls off easier
Give nutrients back to the tree when they fall off

Question 18

Tree in a coniferous forest

Answer 18

Hemlock tree

Question 19

Annual rainfall in a tropical forest

Answer 19

60-160 inches evenly distributed throughout the year

Question 20

Animal in tropical rainforest that are slow moving and live in the canopy

Answer 20

Sloths

Question 21

In tropical forests, these plants grow everywhere, but begin their life in the canopy and feed off of air while making their way down the tree

Answer 21

Epiphytes

Question 22

Grassland found between a tropical forest and a desert

Answer 22

Savanna

Question 23

Annual precipitation of grasslands

Answer 23

10-20 inches per year

Question 24

Animal in grassland thats’ laugh can be heard up to 3 miles away

Answer 24

Hyena

Question 25

Annual rainfall in a desert

Answer 25

Less than 25 cm a year

Question 26

Plants in a desert that have no leaves, modified stems, and store water

Answer 26

Succulents

Question 27

Animal in a desert that can jump up to 9 feet to escape prey

Answer 27

Kangaroo rat

Question 28

Aquatic ecosystems

Answer 28

Freshwater Saltwater Brackish

Question 29

Bodies of water inland

Answer 29

Freshwater

Question 30

Oceans (marine)

Answer 30

Saltwater

Question 31

Mixture of fresh and saltwater

Answer 31

Brackish

Question 32

A lake is an example of _______

Answer 32

Freshwater

Question 33

Lakes are classified by their ______ ______

Answer 33

Nutrient status

Question 34

Nutrient-poor

Answer 34

Oligotrophic

Question 35

Normal nutrients (nutrient-rich)

Answer 35

Eutrophic

Question 36

Process when you make a nutrient-poor lake into a nutrient-rich lake

Answer 36

Eutrophication

Question 37

Layers

Answer 37

Stratification

Question 38

Upper layer of the lake where the warm water is

Answer 38

Epilimnion

Question 39

Area where the warm upper water meets the cool lower water

Answer 39

Thermocine

Question 40

Lower layer of the lake where the cool water is

Answer 40

Hypolimnion

Question 41

Overturning in the fall

Answer 41

Gets cooler so the water on the top gets cooler and sinks to the bottom, getting replaced by the warmer water that was at the bottom

Question 42

Overturning in the spring

Answer 42

When the top ice thaws, it sinks down and the warmer water comes up

Question 43

Microscopic organisms that animals feed on

Answer 43

Plankton

Question 44

Types of plankton

Answer 44

Phytoplankton | Zooplankton

Question 45

Photosynthetic organisms

Answer 45

Photoplankton

Question 46

Non-photosynthetic organisms that eat phytoplankton, but are then eaten by other organisms

Answer 46

Zooplankton

Question 47

Zones of the water

Answer 47

Littoral Limnetic Profundal Benthic

Question 48

In the shallow water that is closest to shore; plants take root here

Answer 48

Littoral

Question 49

Sunlit part of the water

Answer 49

Limnetic

Question 50

Open water where the sunlight does not reach

Answer 50

Profundal

Question 51

Where soil and water meet at the bottom

Answer 51

Benthic

Question 52

Nursery of the sea

Answer 52

Estuary

Question 53

In tropical forest, plant that will grow at the top of the tree and send its vines down and suffocate the tree

Answer 53

Strangler fig

Question 54

Tropical forest has bengal bamboo that can grow to be ____ feet tall

Answer 54

80

Question 55

Toucan lives in the _____ _____

Answer 55

Tropical forest

Question 56

Rain forest organism that functions as a decomposer

Answer 56

Saprophyte

Question 57

Biome where you find a mutualistic relationship between mycorrhizae fungi and the roots of trees

Answer 57

Coniferous forest

Question 58

Dung beetle is in ______

Answer 58

Grasslands

Question 59

Flora in the tundra

Answer 59

``` Bearberry Arctic willow Arctic moss Caribou moss Diamond leaf willow Labrador tea Pasque flower ```

Question 60

Fauna in the tundra

Answer 60

``` Caribou Reindeer Muskox Arctic fox Swan Polar bear Arctic hare Wolverine Lemming Snow goose Walrus Puffin ```

Question 61

Flora of the desert

Answer 61

Brittle bush Barrel cactus Opuntia chloritica Succulents

Question 62

Fauna in the desert

Answer 62

Dama gazelle Kangaroo rat Mountain lion

Question 63

Flora in the grasslands

Answer 63

``` Buffalo grass Sunflower Crazy weed Asters Blazing stars Coneflowers Goldenrods Clover Wild indigos ```

Question 64

Fauna of the grasslands

Answer 64

``` Coyotes Eagles Bobcats Gray wolf Wild turkey Fly catcher Canadian geese Crickets Dung beetle Bison Prairie chicken Hyena ```

Question 65

Flora of tropical forests

Answer 65

``` Epiphytes Bromeliads Orchids Bengal bamboo Saprophytes Lianas Strangler fig Buttress roots Creepers ```

Question 66

Fauna in tropical forests

Answer 66

``` Sloths Toucan Boa constrictor Spider monkey Tree snail Rhinoceros beetle Poison arrow frog ```