Chapter 5

Question 1

What part of the brain is impacted most during childhood?

Answer 1

Prefrontal lobe

Question 2

What is the term for near-sightedness?

Answer 2

Myopia

Question 3

During childhood, what is the most common speech impediment?

Answer 3

Stuttering

Question 4

Half of children die before their fifth birthday because of?

Answer 4

Malnutrition

Question 5

There are two stages of Piaget’s stages of cognitive development during childhood, what is the first (second) one?

Answer 5

Pre-operational

Question 6

What’s Piaget’s third stage?

Answer 6

Concrete-operational

Question 7

Animism

Answer 7

The tendency to attribute inanimate objects with human or lifelike qualities

Question 8

Vygotsky

Answer 8

Sociocultural theory

Question 9

Salient Attention

Answer 9

Paying attention to stimuli even when they aren’t relevant

Question 10

The ability to maintain attention over a long period of time is called?

Answer 10

Sustained Attention

Question 11

Elaboration

Answer 11

My Dear Aunt Sally” create a relationship between 2 or more things

Question 12

What do we call when a child quickly attaches words to objects quickly?

Answer 12

Fast Mapping

Question 13

What is it called when children uses a simplified manner of speaking?

Answer 13

Telegraphic Speech

Question 14

Executive Attention

Answer 14

Planning, organizing

Question 15

Relevant Attention

Answer 15

Paying attention to pertinent stimuli

Question 16

Depths of Analysis

Answer 16

Level of detail and complexity for acquiring information

Question 17

Working Memory

Answer 17

What you have in your mind at the time you’re using it

Question 18

Organization

Answer 18

Putting information into a category or group

Question 19

Fuzzy Trace Theory

Answer 19

verbatim and gist

Question 20

Chunking

Answer 20

Learning a phone number

Question 21

Overregulization

Answer 21

“We goed there”

Question 22

Pragmatics

Answer 22

Parts of speech that are the practical aspects of language, adjusting speech to the social situation

Question 23

Alphabetic Principle

Answer 23

Letters have sounds - sounds combine to make words

Question 24

Whole-Language

Answer 24

Reading instruction that uses context of sentences to learn words

Question 25

Phonics

Answer 25

Looking at a word and sounding it out

Question 26

Phonics

Answer 26

Looking at a word and sounding it out

Question 27

Linguistic Awareness

Answer 27

Different rules of languages

Question 28

Bilingualism

Answer 28

Speaking two or more languages

Question 29

Self

Answer 29

The entirety of all the characteristics that define you

Question 30

Identity

Answer 30

Your self-understanding of “who am i”

Question 31

Personality

Answer 31

Enduring characteristics of your emotional traits that differentiate you from other people

Question 32

Gender

Answer 32

Being a boy or girl like, a social construct, stereotypes of girls or boys

Question 33

Self-Esteem

Answer 33

How you feel about yourself

Question 34

Self-Concept

Answer 34

Your view of yourself, or the image you have of yourself

Question 35

Self-Regulation

Answer 35

How you monitor yourself

Question 36

Empathy

Answer 36

Your ability to share and express emotions

Question 37

Fear

Answer 37

Apprehension or dread

Question 38

Erikson

Answer 38

Psychosocial, 8 Stages

Question 39

Kohlberg

Answer 39

Moral Development, 6 Universal Stages of Development

Question 40

Piaget

Answer 40

Cognitive Theory, 4 Stages

Question 41

Vygotsky

Answer 41

Psychosocial, Zone of Proximal Development

Question 42

Baumrind

Answer 42

Parenting Styles, 4 Stages

Question 43

Fowler

Answer 43

Faith Theory

Question 44

Erikson's 4 Stages

Answer 44

Infant - Trust vs Mistrust Toddler - Autonomy vs Shame and Doubt Early Childhood - Initiative vs Guilt Middle Childhood - Industry vs Inferiority

Question 45

Acute Illness

Answer 45

A sudden illness or health condition that has a rapid onset and short duration

Question 46

Chronic Illness

Answer 46

An illness or health condition that is characterized by a relatively slow onset but long duration

Question 47

Authoritarian

Answer 47

Parenting style in which parents demand obedience, have strict guidelines for what they believe is right and wrong, and demand that their children accept those guidelines without question or exception.

Question 48

Authoritative

Answer 48

Parenting style in which parents set the rules and expect them to be followed, but also explain the rules and compromise with their children on some issues.

Question 49

Autonomous Morality

Answer 49

A pattern of thinking that focuses on intentions, consequences, and the ability of people to determine the rules and laws that govern behavior.

Question 50

Avoidant Attachment

Answer 50

The type of attachment in which infants are not too distressed when the mother leaves, they are able to play alone without being upset when the mother is gone, and they will ignore the mother upon her return.

Question 51

Stages of Baby Talk

Answer 51

Cry Coo Babble

Question 52

Conservation

Answer 52

The ability to understand that so long as nothing has been added or taken away, the altering of an object’s appearance does not alter its basic properties. For example, four quarters equals one dollar.

Question 53

Contrast Assumption

Answer 53

The process by which children assume that objects have only one label and that new terms must refer to unfamiliar objects because familiar objects already have labels.