Chapter 5 Flashcards
(37 cards)
What does the transport layer do?
Links application layer to the network; breaks messages into packets and reassembles them at the destination.
What does the network layer do?
Handles addressing, routing, and breaking messages into packets for the data link layer.
What does TCP do in TCP/IP?
Performs packetizing, ensures reliable delivery, and reorders packets at the destination.
What does IP do in TCP/IP?
Handles routing and addressing through intermediate devices.
Who uses TCP/IP?
The Internet and most backbone, metropolitan, and wide area networks.
What are the three types of network addresses?
Application layer (e.g., web address), network layer (IP address), data link layer (MAC/Ethernet address).
What is the difference between TCP and UDP?
TCP is connection-oriented and reliable; UDP is connectionless and faster but unreliable.
What is connection-oriented routing?
Sets up a virtual circuit where all packets follow the same path; reliable and ordered delivery.
What is connectionless routing?
Each packet travels independently; packets may take different routes and arrive out of order.
How does TCP establish a session?
Sends a SYN packet to request a connection; receiver accepts and agrees on packet size.
What is a subnet?
A logical group of devices within a network, sharing similar IP address prefixes.
What is a subnet mask?
A number used to identify which portion of an IP address represents the subnet.
What is dynamic addressing?
A method where a DHCP or BOOTP server assigns IP addresses to devices on request.
What are benefits of dynamic addressing?
Simplifies network management; addresses can be leased and reused.
What is address resolution?
The process of translating names into IP addresses and IP addresses into MAC addresses.
How does TCP/IP resolve domain names?
Uses DNS servers to translate domain names to IP addresses.
How does TCP/IP resolve MAC addresses?
Uses ARP to broadcast a request on the subnet asking for the MAC address of an IP address.
What is routing?
The process of determining the path messages take through the network from source to destination.
What is centralized routing?
Routing decisions made by a single host computer; simple and used in small networks.
What is decentralized routing?
Each device makes its own routing decisions using routing protocols; used in larger networks.
What is a session?
A logical connection or conversation between two computers for data exchange.
What is QoS (Quality of Service) routing?
Connection-oriented routing that prioritizes packets (e.g., video > email).
What is unicast?
A message sent from one computer to another single computer.
What is broadcast?
A message sent to all computers on a LAN or subnet.
