Chapter 5 Flashcards
French and Indian War
Also known as Seven Year’s War. France’s expansion into Ohio River valley brought conflict with the claims of the British colonies.
British received the territories of Canada from France and Florida from Spain, opening the Mississippi Valley to westward expansion. British won.
Sugar Act of 1764
Act by Parliament to raise taxes on foreign refined sugar.
Disrupted the colonial economy by reducing the markets the colonies could sell to. Led to the first instance of colonists wanting to control how much they were taxed.
Stamp Act of 1765
British Parliament required American colonists to pay a tax on every piece of printed paper they used.
It was viewed by the Americans as an attempt by England to raise money in the colonies without the approval of the colonial legislatures.
Quartering Act of 1765
It outlines the locations and conditions in which British soldiers are to find room and board in the American colonies. required the colonies to house British soldiers in barracks provided by the colonies.
Some colonies refused to comply to the law. Conflict between Red Coats (British soldiers) and colonists were common.
Stamp Act Congress
Meeting between British colonies in North America and American colonies to talk about the Stamp Act.
it was the first gathering of elected representatives from several of the American colonies to devise a unified protest against new British taxation.
Sons of Liberty
Organization of protesters that originated in the North American British colonies.
Formed to protect the rights of the colonists and to take to the streets against the abuses of the British government.
Natural Rights
Basic rights that no individual or government can take away.
The Declaration of Independence lists life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness as natural rights.
Declaratory Act of 1766
From the British Parliament. Said that Britain had taxing authority in America as it does in Great Britain.
Added to the colonists’ fear that the parliament threatens the well-established colonial institutions of self-government.
Townshend Act of 1767
Originated by Charles Townshend. Passed by English Parliament after repeal of Stamp Act. Added taxes on all goods imported into the US.
Parliament wanted to show that they had the right to impose the taxes.
Nonimportation Movement
Boycott of British imports by American colonists in reply to the Townshend Act.
Showed American outrage of being taxed without consent. Many merchants lost much of their businesses.
Committees of Correspondence
Committees that were formed throughout colonies. Their job was to inform voters of common threat faced by all the colonies.
Allowed colonies to coordinate actions against Great Britain.
Tea Act of May 1773
Passed by British Parliament. Allowed the British East India Company Tea a monopoly on tea sales in American colonies.
Motivated the Sons of Liberty to destroy over 92,000 pounds of tea in the Boston Harbor. (Sparked the Boston Tea Party).
Coercive Acts
4 acts established by British government. Goal was to restore order in Massachusetts after Boston Tea Party and other destruction of British property.
British thought that this would cut Boston and New England off from the other colonies, but the colonies defended Boston and New England. Led to First Continental Congress.
Continental Congress
Served as the government of 13 American colonies from 1774-1789.
The first Continental Congress met in Philadelphia and began orchestrating a united resistance to British rule.
Continental Association
System created by First Continental Congress to put the trade boycott with Great Britain into effect.
Was a response to the Coercive Acts. Showed the outrage of Americans.
