Chapter 5

Question 1

acclimation

Answer 1

physiological adjustment ot change in particular environmental factors - temp/salinity

Question 2

conduction

Answer 2

movement of heat b/t objects in direct physical contact

Question 3

convection

Answer 3

process of heat flow or transfer to a moving fluid- wind or water flowing

Question 4

ectotherm

Answer 4

organism that relies on external sources of energy for regulating body temp

Question 5

endotherm

Answer 5

relies on internal E sources for regulating body temp

Question 6

estivation

Answer 6

dormant state during summer; involves reduction of metabolic rate

Question 7

evaporation

Answer 7

process by which liquird changes form liquid to gas

Question 8

heat

Answer 8

kinetic energy resulting form molecular motion in a mass of a substance

Question 9

hibernation

Answer 9

dormant state involving reduced metabolic reate in winter

Question 10

homeotherm

Answer 10

uses metabolic energy to maintain constant body temp; warm-blooded

Question 11

marcoclimate

Answer 11

prevailing climate of a region

Question 12

metabolic heat

Answer 12

E released within an organism during cellular respiratoin

Question 13

microclimate

Answer 13

small scale variation in climate caused by distinctive substrate/location/aspect

Question 14

photosynthesis

Answer 14

photosynthetic pigments of plants/aglae/bacteria absorb light and transfer E to electons; E carried is used to synthesize ATP and NADPH

Question 15

poikilotherm

Answer 15

organisms whose body temp varies directly with environmental temps; cold-blooded

Question 16

principle of allocation

Answer 16

if an organism allocates E to one function, it reduces the amount of E available to other functions

Question 17

psychrophilic

Answer 17

organisms that live and thrive at temps below 20C

Question 18

radiation

Answer 18

transfer of heat through electromagnetic radiation mainly infrared light

Question 19

riparian vegetation

Answer 19

vegetation growth along rivers/streams

Question 20

temperature

Answer 20

measure of kinetic energy of molecules in a mass of substance

Question 21

thermal neutral zone

Answer 21

range of environmental temps over which the metabolic rate of a homeothermic animal does not chagne

Question 22

thermophilic

Answer 22

organisms that tolerate or require high temp environments

Question 23

torpor

Answer 23

state of low metabolic rate and lowered body temp

-hummingbirds