Chapter 5 & 6 Exam Flashcards
(222 cards)
1
Q
The nurse clarifies that the end product of carbohydrate metabolism is absorbed and put into the bloodstream by the
A
Villa of the small intestine
2
Q
A 56 year old woman is admitted to the emergency room with an acute attack of diverticulitis the patient has a temperature of 102° f and has an elevated white count which assessment would alert the nurse to impending septic shocks
A
Tachycardia
3
Q
Because by a contents from an illostomy are virtually liquid what should the nurse include in the plan of care
A
Evaluation and assessment of periostomal skin integrity
4
Q
The home health nurse caring for a patient who has dysarthria related to radiation therapy for an oral cancer would recommend that the family provide
A
A tablet and pencil as a communication aid
5
Q
Which recommendation is most appropriate for a patient who has had an esophageal dilation related to acalasia
A
Drink 10 oz of fluid with each meal
6
Q
A patient who is being evaluated for episodes of hemaremesis and dyspepsia tell the nurse that pain occurs when he eats but pain does not wake in him the nurse recognizes the diagnostic sign of which condition
A
Peptic ulcer
7
Q
The nurse anticipates that the patient who has had a subtotal gastrectomy will need supplemental
A
Vitamin B12 due to the loss of intrinsic Factor
8
Q
The home health nurse is caring for a patient who has frequent bouts of diverticulitis a company by increased flautance diarrhea and nausea which of the following is the most appropriate suggestion to lessen these symptoms
A
Eat a diet high in fiber content
9
Q
The nurse caring for a patient with a peptic ulcer who has had a nasogastric tube inserted notes black blood in the tube the patient complaints of pain and has become hypotensive which condition should the nurse recognize these signs of
A
Perforation
10
Q
Dumping syndrome after a billroth ii procedure occurs when high carbohydrate foods are ingested over a period of less than 20 minutes what should the nurse suggest to reduce the risk of dumping syndrome
A
Eating six Mile meals daily high in fiber and fat
11
Q
The patient has come to a pacu following an ileostomy for the treatment of ulcerative colitis the patient is conscious and has the Nigel gastric tube in place in a pouch over the stoma what should the nurses initial action be
A
Attach NG tube to suctioning
12
Q
The home health nurse evaluates a patient being treated for a peptic ulcer with Riopan (anacid) and famotidine (histamine receptor blockers) which statement made by the patient indicates a need for further instruction
A
I take both these meds at the same time every morning
13
Q
What should a nurse do when obtaining a stool specimen to be examined for ova and parasites
A
Obtain three different stool specimens on subsequent days
14
Q
The nurse explains to the patient with crohn’s disease that the tube feedings allow for
A
A rapid absorption in the upper GI tract
15
Q
A patient with a large inguinal hernia has abdominal distinction and inguinal pain the nurse recognizes that these indicators of which type of hernia
A
Strangulated
16
Q
A patient with erupted diverticulum in the descending colon has undergone a transverse loop colostomy the patient is upset and says I didn’t know it was going to be this awful I hate this which response made by the nurse should be most helpful
A
This is a temporary solution it will be closed in 6 weeks
17
Q
A mail patient complains that he will never adjust to his colostomy which is the best action for the nurse in this situation
A
Encourage him to express his concern
18
Q
And caring for a patient with gastric bleeding who has nasogastric tube in place the nurse should include in the plan of care to ensure that the NG tube is
A
Kept patten with irrigation
19
Q
What should the nurse include in the teaching plan for a patient with hiatal hernia to reduce the frequency of heartburn
A
Eating small meals
20
Q
The nurse points out which of the following as an example of a non mechanical bowel obstruction
A
A paralytic ileus
21
Q
Bowel sounds assessment on a patient with an obstruction who has distention nausea and visible peristaltic waves would be
A
High pitched
22
Q
The patient with a peptic ulcer has been placed on regular doses of bismuth salicylate Pepto-Bismol to combat h pylori what color will the drug turn the stool
A
Gray black
23
Q
Which of the following should be included in the patient teaching of a patient with a peptic ulcer
A
Eating six small meals a day
24
Q
Which of the following will be the most helpful nursing intervention to increase the comfort of a patient with appendicitis
A
Application of an ice bag
25
To assist the family with a bow training program to reduce fatal incontinence the nurse would suggest the use of a what at an optimal time to stimulate defecation
Glycerin suppositories
26
What is the most lethal complication of a peptic ulcer
Perforation
27
The nurse text into consideration that the proton pump inhibitor drugs such as what will completely eradicate gastric acid production
Omeprazole (Prilosec)
28
Which of the following is the purpose for antibiotic therapy and the treating of peptic ulcers
It eradictates h pylori
29
Why are peptic ulcers a common problem of aging
Because of overuse of NSAIDs
30
The patient with irritable bowel syndrome tells the home health nurse she is going to an acupuncturist for therapy for her condition which of the following would be the best nursing response
It may help but there has been no clinical proof of the effectiveness
31
The nurse uses a poster to show the process of bowel obstruction from diverticulitis what is the third sequential pathophysiologic event
Pouch protrudes through smooth muscle
32
Celiac sprue in the adult can lead to systemic problems what is the last pathophysical event of this in order of appearance
Systemic involvement
33
Which of the following are indicators of colorectal cancer
```
Excessive flautance
Cachexia
Cramps
Rectal bleeding
Anemia
```
34
How should the nurse cancel the 34 year old woman who has been prescribed sulfasalazine for Crohn's disease
Tell her to drink at least 1500 ml of fluid a day
Advise assessing self for rash
Use alternate birth control methods to oral contraception
35
And designing a teaching plan to present to a group of older adults regarding the prevention of esophageal cancer the nurse went including information about the significance of
Cessation of smoking
Good oral Care
Regular checkups if dysphasia is present
Limiting alcohol consumption
36
Which activities does the home health nurse suggest in the elderly patient to avoid constipation
Schedule toileting after meals
Taking bulk forming laxatives
Increasing fiber intake
Drinking at least thousand milliliters of fluid
37
The home health nurse is caring for a patient who has frequent abdominal pain and diarrhea the nurse uses the Rome criteria to direct assessment for irritable bowel syndrome what is included in the Rome criteria
Discomfort at least 3 days a month
Pain relieved by defecation
Onset associated with change in stool consistency or frequency
38
Flexible sigmoidoscopy should be performed every how many years
Five
39
The nurse explains that what the chief enzyme of gastric juice is activated by hydrochloric acid to begin digestion of protein
Pepsin
40
The nurse came for a patient with crohn's disease will closely monitor the urinary output to ensure that the patient is excreting at least how many milliliters per day
1500
41
The nurse texting to consideration that long-term use of antibiotics can cause an antibiotic associated pseudomembranous colitis from the organism what
C diff
42
JJ frequent bats of constipation the nurse examines the bed fast nursing home resident for ulceration of the anus called anal what
Fissure
43
The nurse clarifies that unconjugated bilibrium which is made up of broken down red cells is
Water insoluble bilibrium that must be converted by the liver
44
The patient was cirrhosis has an albumin of 2.8 g / DL the nurse is aware that normal is 3.5 g/dl based on these findings what would the nurse expect the patient to exhibit
Edema
45
What is an essential nursing measure to prevent injury to the patient who has to receive a paracentesis
Have patient void immediately before procedure
46
What should the nurse expect of a patient with a malabsorption of vitamin k
Increase prothrombin time
47
A patient was scheduled for a laparoscopic coastectomy but complications developed and he underwent opens coastectomy with a t tube inserted into the common bile duct what is the purpose of the t tube
To keep the duct open and allowed drainage of the bile until edema resolves
48
The nurse came through a patient who has had an open coastectomy with a t tube will
Position and secure the drainage back at the chest level
49
Which nursing intervention should be completed immediately after the physician has performed a needle liver biopsy
Keeping the patient on the right side for minimum of 2 hours
50
Immediately following a liver biopsy the patient becomes just panic the pulse increases to 100 and no breath sounds can be heard on the affected side what should the nurse expect
Pneumothorax
51
Which patient statement indicates that the patient requires additional teaching about an endoscopic retrograde Choangiopancreatography
Right after the test I want breakfast with black coffee
52
The narcissistic in the treatment of a patient with ruptured esophageal vertices who has received vasopression IV will carefully assess for
Evidence of cardiac ischemia
53
What should the nurse point out as a significant advantage of the laparoscopic cholecystectomy
Less invasive procedure
54
What should the nurse explain is the major purpose of the sengstaken Blake more tube
Control esophageal varices bleeding
55
The patient's cirrhosis of the liver has also caused a dilation of the veins of the lower esophagus secondary to portal hypertension resulting in the development of this complication
Esophageal varices
56
The patient with the rest is has a rising ammonia level and is becoming disoriented the patient waves to the nurse as she enters the room how should the nursing interpret this
As astoraxis
57
How does the administration of neomycin reduce the production of ammonia
By decreasing the bacteria in the gut
58
What is the most common procedure for the removal of the gallbladder
Laparoscopic cholecystectomy
59
What should the nurse do to prepare a patient for an cholecystography
Administer six telepeque tablets 5 minutes apart after the evening meal
60
Which of the following in the classic symptom of cholecystitis
Right upper abdomen radiating to the back of the right scapula
61
What should the nurse avoid contamination from to prevent the transmission of hepatitis a
Food or water
62
What is the most appropriate method used by high risk health workers to prevent hepatitis B
Hepatitis B vaccine
63
The nurse explains that the use of cyclosporine as an immunosuppressant has been successful in the reduction of rejection of liver transplants because the drug
Does not suppress bone marrow
64
A male patient states that he returned from a two-week camping trip a few days ago he complains of nausea and anorexia and dark urine what additional information would assist in diagnosing hepatitis a
Recent ingestion of raw fish
65
When caring for an extreme jaundice patient with cirrhosis what should the nurse include provisions for in the plan of care
Skin care to relieve pruitis
66
The nurse is aware that an elevated serum amylase is diagnostic of pancreatitis at an early stage as an elevation can be assessed as early as what after the onset of pancreatic disease
2 hours
67
300 lb patient who has been exposed to hepatitis a is received an injection of immune serum globulin what should the dose be (0.2 ml/kg)
0.9 ml
68
A family member of a patient ask the nurse about the protein restricted diet order because of advanced liver disease with hepatic encephalopathy what statement by the nurse would be best explained the purpose of this diet
The liver cannot rid the body of ammonia that is made by the breakdown of protein in the digestive system
69
The nurse would make provisions in the plan of care for a person who has had liver transplant to prevent
Infection
70
The nurse is aware that the hepatitis a immunization provides immunity in
30 days
71
What is the challenge in encouraging coughing and deep breathing for a post-operative patient who has had an open cholecystectomy
High placement of incision
72
Why is it advantageous for a last person to be a liver donor
Because the doner donates only a part of the liver
73
Which factors are most commonly associated with pancreatitis
Alcoholism and biliary tract disease
74
The patient with pancreatitis is npo the patient asked the nurse why he is unable to have anything by mouth which of the following is the best response
The pancreas is stimulated whenever you eat or drink and causes pain
75
Why is morphine contradicted in the patient with pancreatitis
Morphine may cause spasms of the sphincter of Oddi
76
Which factors may increase the patient's risk of developing cancer of the pancreas
Cigarette smokers and people with diabetes mellitus
77
Which assessment would indicate possible gallbladder disease in the older adult
Changes in color of urine or stool
78
What would the nurse monitoring caring for a patient undergoing a paracentesis
Fluid removal over at least 30 minutes
79
A patient with a tattoo for an open choecystectomy has resumed oral intake the t tube is clamped 2 hours before meals and unclamp 2 hours after meals to aid in digestion of fat during this time the t tube is clamped the patient complains of abdominal pain and nausea which intervention is most appropriate
Unclamp the tube immediately
80
The nurse clarifies that deterioration progresses through stages before presenting with liver disease the first stage is destruction what is the last stage
Liver disease
81
What is the second step in the normal process of protein metabolism
Ammonia produced in the bowel
82
What are the indications for a liver transplant
Congenital biliary abnormalities
Hepatic malignancy
Chronic hepatitis
83
Which medical intervention and Management systems control the bleeding of esophageal varices
Stengstaken Blake more tube
Band ligation
Potacaval shut
84
Dietary teaching for a patient who is treated conservatively for cholecystitis is necessary to keep the patient comfortable which food should be avoided
Peanut butter
Whole milk
Glazed chocolate donuts
85
Viral hepatitis may be treated at home what should we talk to the patient's family
Clothes should be laundered separately with hot water
Personal items and drinking glasses should be not shared
Hands need to be thoroughly washed after toileting
86
The largest aware that the liver synthesizes products essential to health which products are synthesized by the liver
Protein
| Albumin
87
What should the nurse do as part of the preparation for an endoscopic retrograde Choangiopancreatography
Confirm the presence of a consent form
| Confirm the presence of a prothrombin time/inr
88
What is the condition characterized by yellowing of the sclera and the skin
Jaundice
89
The disease that is on the increase because of the growing obesity population and is associated with coronary artery disease and use of corticosteroids is
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease
90
The tumor marker that is elevating a patient with pancreatic cancer is
Ca19-9
91
Hepatitis d is usually seen as a co-infection with
Hepatitis B
92
What occurs when the body and capulestates the auto digestive debris in the pancreatic tissue frequently becoming an abscess
Pseudocyst
93
This is a study that consists of a series of radiographs of the lower esophagus stomach and duodenum using barium sulfate as the contrast medium
Upper GI series
94
This explains importance of rectally expelling all the barium feces of color absorption of fecal water causes hardened barium impactation and increase fluid intake
Nursing interventions for upper GI series
95
This is the stomach contents are aspirated to determine the amount of acid produced by the parietal cells in the stomach
Tube gastric analysis
96
No antichollagenic medications npo status after midnight smoking is prohibited and insert ng tube and aspirate the gastric contents
Nursing interventions for tube gastric analysis
97
This is an endoscopy that enables direct visualization of the particular hollow organ or cavity by means of a loud flexible fiber optic scope
EGD
98
Keep patient NPO status after midnight attend consent no food or fluid until gag reflexes retained monitor vital signs and oxygen saturation and assess for any signs and symptoms of perforation
Nursing interventions for EGD
99
This is the patient that swallows a capsule containing a camera that provides endoscopic evaluation of the GI tract
Capsule endoscopy
100
Keep patient mpo 12 hours before test avoid smoking 24 hours prior have patients swallow capsule and keep them NPO at least 2 hours
Nursing interventions for capsule endoscopy
101
This is a study that allows a clear view of the esophagus then that provided by most UGI examination
Barium swallow
102
Keep patient mpo after midnight schools will be light and color and increase fluid intake
Nursing interventions for a barium swallow
103
This is tumors of the large intestine grow into the lumen and are subject to repeated trauma by the fecal steam
Examination of stool for occult blood
104
Keep the stool space in that faces of urine and toilet paper dog gloves use tongue blade to transfer specimens and avoid organ meats and obtain three stool specimens
Nursing interventions for occult blood examination of stool
105
This is the development of a fiber optic colonoscope that has enabled examination of the entire colon from the anus to the cecum
Colonoscopy
106
Obtain consent requires a clear liquid diet keep NPO status 8 hours before the test laxatives and enemas to cleanse the bowel monitor for perforation and monitor vital signs
Nursing interventions for a colonoscopy
107
Encourage a therapeutic diet of mpo no color and amount of gastric output do not reposition to maintain patency of the two when bowel sounds return administer clear liquids
Nursing interventions for an NG tube
108
This is inserted through the nose pharynx in esophagus into the stomach
NG tube
109
This is a side sample and valuable method of a diagnosing pathological liver conditions
Needle liver biopsy
110
Obtain consent and ensure measurements of platelets clotting or bleeding time prothrombin time and international normalized ratio INR have been ordered monitor vital signs every 15 minutes keep patient lying on the right side with a roll towel against puncture site and assess for pneumothorax
Nursing interventions for a needle liver biopsy
111
This is the value of 10 to 80 mcg/dl
Serum ammonia test
112
Notify the lab of any antibiotics the patient is on
Nursing intervention for a serum ammonia test
113
This is the value of 60 to 120 somagi units / DL or 30 to 220 units/L
Serum amylase test
114
Notify the lab order whether the patient is receiving IV dextrose or any medications
Nursing interventions for a serum amylase
115
This is the value of up to 5,000 units per 24 hours or 6.5 to 48.1 units per hour
Urine amylase test
116
Record time frame of collection and keep the specimen on ice or refrigerated until sent to the lab
Nursing interventions for urine amylase test
117
This is the value of 10 to 140 units per liter
Serum lipase test
118
Keep patient NPO status for midnight until the test
Nursing interventions for a serum lipase test
119
This is used to observe for complications
Cholecystectomy
120
Maintaining patency and prevent tension on t-tube empty bile bag while high full and cleanse the skin thoroughly
Cholecystectomy
121
This is in any infection caused by species of candida of a fungal organism normally present in the mucous membranes of the mouth intestinal tract and vagina
Candidiasis
122
These appear pearly and bluish white milk curd membranous lesions on the mucous membranes of the mouth tongue and larynx
Clinical manifestations of candidiasis
123
Eating unsweetened yogurt are taking acidophilus capsules or liquids that can store normal bacteria Flora
Medical management of candidiasis
124
Meticulous hand hygiene prevent spread of infection care for feeding equipment cleanliness of mother's nipples and assess the infant's mouth regular
Nursing interventions for candidiasis
125
This is oral cancer that may occur on the lips the oral cavity the tongue and the pharynx
Cancer of the oral cavity
126
Leukoplakia on the lips and buccal mucosa
Clinical manifestations of oral cancer
127
Chemotherapy and surgical removal
Medical management of oral cancer
128
Providing alternate methods for communication if radiation is extensive and provide support to family and the patient
Nursing interventions for oral cancer
129
This is backward flow of the stomach acid up into the esophagus
GERD
130
Heartburn regurgitation dry cough feeling of a lump in the throat dysphagia and hoarseness
Clinical manifestations of GERD
131
Avoiding food beverages smoking elevating the head and losing weight
Medical management of GERD
132
Educating the patient about dieting avoid constrictive clothing over the abdomen and avoid activities that involve straining heavy lifting or in a bent over position
Nursing interventions for GERD
133
This is a malignant epithelial neoplasm that is invated to the esophagus and has been diagnosed as a squamous cell carcinoma or adenocarcinoma
Carcinoma of the esophagus
134
Progressive dysphagia substernal feeling over a 6-month period
Clinical manifestations of carcinoma of the esophagus
135
Esophagectomy esophagostomy esophogenterostomy and a gastrostomy
Medical management of carcinoma of the esophagus
136
Monitor respiration and take an output assess what foods can be swallowed and administered tube feedings
Nursing interventions for carcinoma of the esophagus
137
This is an abnormal condition characterized by the inability of a muscle to relax particularly in the cardiac sphincter of the stomach
Achalasia
138
Dysphasia regurgitation and substernal chest pain
Clinical manifestations of achalasia
139
Drug therapy in forestville dilation of the narrowed area of the esophagus
Medical management of achalasia
140
Encourage fluids with meals and monitor liquid diet
Nursing interventions for achalasia
141
This is ulcerations of the mucous membrane or a deeper structures of the GI tract
Peptic ulcers
142
Pain and dull burning or gnawing in the epigastric region
Clinical manifestations of peptic ulcers
143
Anacids antihistamines receptor blockers mucosal healing agent proton pump inhibitors and cytoprotective agents
Medical management of peptic ulcers
144
Assist patients level of consciousness explain the need for small and frequent meals teach preventing measures explain the need to eat slowly and caution to avoid foods in high fiber
Nursing interventions of peptic ulcers
145
This is the neoplasm or malignant growth into the stomach of proximal tumors
Stomach cancer
146
Pale skin lethargic pore appetite and significant weight loss
Clinical manifestations of stomach cancer
147
Antrectomy gastroduodenostomy pyloroplasty total gastrectomy and vaginostomy
Medical management of stomach cancer
148
Monitor closely for elevated temp pallor dyspnea cyanosis and tachycardia
Nursing interventions for stomach cancer
149
This is considered a functional disorder characterized by episodes of altered bowel function and intermittent and recurrent abdominal discomfort and pain
Irritable bowel syndrome
150
Abdominal pain more frequent bowel movements and completely evacuation flautants and constipation
Clinical manifestations of irritable bowel syndrome
151
Diet bulking agents and medication therapy
Medical management of irritable bowel syndrome
152
Key balaga food intake stool educate patient on high fiber foods and teach the patient about bulking agents
Nursing interventions for irritable bowel syndrome
153
This is the confined to the mucosa nd submucosa colon that affects segments of the entire colon
Ulcerative colitis
154
15 to 20 liquid stools per day abdominal cramps urge to defecate involuntary leakage and severe abdominal bloating
Clinical manifestations of ulcerative colitis
155
Drug therapy nutrition therapy stress control surgical intervention and dieting
Medical management of ulcerative colitis
156
Assist with ADLs and offer choices to patient
Nursing interventions for ulcerative colitis
157
This is characterized by inflammation of segments of the GI tract
Crohn's disease
158
Diarrhea fatigue abdominal pain weight loss and fever
Clinical manifestations of Crohn's disease
159
Medications dieting and surgical treatment
Medical management of Crohn's disease
160
Assist the patient with diet control stressors and emphasize the importance of weighing daily
Nursing interventions of Crohn's disease
161
Is the information of the vermiform appendix usually acute
Appendicitis
162
The patient lies on the back or side with knees flexed
Clinical manifestations of appendicitis
163
Emergency surgery antibiotic therapy and rest therapy
Medical management of appendicitis
164
Administer opoids monitor pain and monitor vital signs
Nursing interventions for appendicitis
165
This is the presence of pouch like herniations through the circular smooth muscle of the colon particularly the sigmoid colon
Diverticulosis
166
This is the information of one or more diverticular sacs
Diverticulitis
167
This includes severe pain in the left lower quadrant of the abdomen fever elevator white blood count erythrocyte sedimentation and abdominal distension
Clinical manifestation of diverticulitis
168
A diet high fiber decrease fat and red meat intake increase levels of activity antibiotic therapy and surgical removal of the affected bowel portion
Medical management of diverticulitis
169
Placing the patient in semifowers position on bed rest giving oral hygiene monitor fluid and electrolyte replacement encourage deep breathing exercises and reduce anxiety in patient
Nursing interventions for diverticulitis
170
This is an inflammation of the abdominal peritoneum
Peritonitis
171
Severe abdominal pain painful with movement rebound tenderness muscular rigidity and spasms
Clinical manifestations of peritonitis
172
NG intubation IV fluids analgesics through IV PCA pump and total parental nutrition
Medical management of peritonitis
173
Keep patient on bed rest in semi-fowler's position give oral hygiene monitor fluid and electrolyte replacement encourage deep breathing exercises and reduce anxiety
Nursing interventions for peritonitis
174
This is the result from weakness of the diaphragm
Hiatal hernia
175
Gerd heartburn infarction ulceration of the hernia and strangulation
Clinical manifestations of hiatal hernia
176
A posterior gastropexy laparoscopic niacin fundopliaction
Medical management of hiatal hernia
177
This one intestinal contents cannot pass through the GI tract
Intestinal obstruction
178
Loud frequent high pitch sounds in the abdomen smooth muscle atony when bowel sounds are absent
Clinical manifestations of intestinal obstructions
179
Evacuation of intestinal contents NG intubation surgical repair restoring fluid and electrolyte and balance and nonopoid analgesics
Medical management for intestinal obstruction
180
Reposition patient frequently irrigate suctioning tubing within 30 ml of sterile saline explain purpose of procedures and administer analgesics as ordered
Nursing interventions of intestinal obstructions
181
Is a malignant neoplasms that invade the epithelium and surrounding tissue of the colon and rectum
Colorectal cancer
182
Not specific and don't appear until it is advanced
Clinical manifestations of colorectal cancer
183
Radiation chemotherapy and surgery
Medical management of colorectal cancer
184
Allow time for grieving assistant any ostomy care and ecourage verbalization provide care and positive manner provide privacy and safe environments and facilitate contact with individuals with similar changes in body image
Nursing interventions for colorectal cancer
185
These are vericosties that may occur outside the anal sphincter as external hemorrhoids or inside the sphincter as internal hemorrhoids
Hemorrhoids
186
Prolapse and bleeding
Clinical manifestations of hemorrhoids
187
Therapy high fiber diet topical creams and sitz bath
Medical management for hemorrhoids
188
Wash anal area after defecation and pat dry you sitz bath to soothe apply heat and ice packs and administer laxatives and use a cushion for support when sitting
Nursing interventions for hemorrhoids
189
This is a complex problem that has a variety of causes
Fecal incontinence
190
Bio feedback training bowel training diet and fluid intake
Medical management of fecal incontinence
191
Teach patients about training therapy and support patient of acceptance
Nursing interventions for fecal incontinence
192
Is a chronic degenerative disease of the liver become covered with fibrous tissue degenerates and the labules are infiltrated with scar tissue or fat
Cirrhosis
193
Abdominal pain rapid enlargements pepsia changing bowel habits gradual weight loss and asites
Clinical manifestations of cirrhosis
194
Eliminate alcohol diet therapy and antiemetics
Medical management of cirrhosis
195
Check us every 4 hours observe for GI hemorrhage help patient deal with alcoholism and assisting them with discharge
Nursing interventions for cirrhosis
196
Is a complex of longitudinal torturous veins at the lower end of the esophagus
Esophageal varices
197
Ulceration and hemorrhage
Clinical manifestations of esophageal varices
198
Prophylactic treatment with not selective beta blockers
Medical management of esophageal varices
199
Maintain oxygen content levels and preventing ammonia build up
Nursing interventions for esophageal varices
200
This is a high rate of blood flow through the portal vein and its massive capillary structure
Liver cancer
201
Hematomegaly weight loss peripheral edema asites and portal hypertension
Clinical manifestations of liver cancer
202
Surgical excision and chemotherapy
Medical management of liver cancer
203
Check a vital signs every 4 hours provide oral hygiene and observe mental status and record intake and output and daily weight
Nursing interventions for liver cancer
204
Is an implementation of the liver resulting from several types of viral agents or exposure to toxic substances
Hepatitis
205
Hepatic failure and/or hepatic encephalopathy
Clinical manifestations of hepatitis
206
Drug therapy routine immunizations and gamma globulin
Medical management of hepatitis
207
Pad side rails encourage use of electric razors monitor intake and output and offer support and understanding
Nursing interventions for hepatitis
208
This is an infection that develops anywhere along the GI tract and there is a chance of the infection organism reaching the liver through the bilary system
Liver abscess
209
Fever chills abdominal pain tenderness weight loss and jaundice
Clinical manifestations of liver abscess
210
This is an obstruction of gallstone a nonsensioning gallbladder or tumor
Cholcystitis
211
Clean digestion nausea vomiting pain and the upper graphic reason
Clinical manifestations of cholecystitis
212
Bed rest ng-tube intubation NCO status and IV fluids
Medical management of cholecystitis
213
Maintain patency observe amount and character of drainage cleans the skin thoroughly in apply skin barriers
Nursing interventions for cholecystitis
214
This is an inflammatory condition of the pancreas that may be acute or chronic
Pancreatitis
215
Back pain and jaundice
Clinical manifestations of pancreatitis
216
Npo status NG tube inserted analgesics and surgery
Medical management of pancreatitis
217
Administer medications restrict diet monitor in g-tube way patient daily at the same time and a minister internal feeding juojenum
Nursing interventions for pancreatitis
218
This is a malignant tumor of the pancreas
Pancreatic cancer
219
Anorexia malaise nausea and fatigue and abdominal pain
Clinical manifestations of pancreatic cancer
220
Anorexia malaise nausea and fatigue and abdominal pain
Clinical manifestations of pancreatic cancer
221
Pancreatoduodenalectomy and a total pancreatectomy and chemotherapy
Medical management for pancreatic cancer
222
Monitor for excretion and infection use skin barriers and dispose post-operative pouches and appliances to prevent enzymatic contact with the skin and to aid in the accurate collection and measurement of pancreatic drainage
Nursing interventions for pancreatic cancer
