Chapter 5 Flashcards
(30 cards)
Integumentary system
Skin system
Cutaneous membrane
Skin, outer epidermis and inner dermis
Accessory structures
Originate in dermis, hair, nails, glands
Hypodermis
Subcutaneous layer, separates the integument from the deep fascia around organs
Keratinocytes
Most abundant in epidermis
Thin skin
Covers most of body surface, 4 layers of keratinocytes
Thick skin
Occurs in palms and soles of feet, contains a 5th layer (statum lucidum)
Stratum basale
Innermost epidermal layer
Basal cells
Dominate stratum basalt, stem cells
Merkel cells
Found in hairless skin
Melanocytes
Pigment cells
Keratin
Protein, basic structural components of hair and nails
Keratohyalin
Dense granules that cross link keratin fibers
Keratinization
The formation of protective superficial layers of cells filled with keratin
Insensible perspiration
The process of losing 1 pt of water a day without noticing it
Sensible perspiration
Produces by active sweat glands
Carotene
Orange-yellow pigment that accumulates in epidermal cells
Melanin
Brown, yellow-brown, or black pigment produced by melanocytes
Cyanosis
When the skin looks blue from the hemoglobin releasing oxygen
Cholecalciferol
Vitamin D3, cholesterol related steroid
Papillary layer
Superficial layer of dermis, consists of areolar tissue, contains the capillaries, lymphatics, and sensory neurons
Reticular layer
Deep to papillary, consist of an interwoven mesh work of dense irregular connective tissue containing both collagen and elastic fibers
Dermatitis
Inflammation of the skin that primarily involves the papillary layer
Cleavage lines
Collagen and elastic fibers are arranged in parallel bundles oriented to resist the forces applied to the skin during normal movement
