Chapter 5

Question 1

What is in a main cellular structure?

Answer 1

Plasma membrane
Cytoplasm (inside organelles)
Nucleus

Question 2

Plasma membrane functions

Answer 2

Boundary of cell
Self identification
Receptor sites

Question 3

Functional characteristics of ribosomes

Answer 3

Protein synthesis

Question 4

Production of ATP occurs within which organelle?

Answer 4

Mitochondria

Question 5

Production of ATP occurs within which organelle?

Answer 5

Golgi apparatus

Question 6

In nondividing cells DNA appears as threads that are referred to a

Answer 6

Chromotin

Question 7

The nucleolus is composed chiefly of:

Answer 7

rRNA

Question 8

The plasma membrane can be described as a triple layer of phospholipid molecules.

T/F

Answer 8

False

Question 9

The process by which cells translate the signal received by a membrane receptor into a specific chemical change in the cell is called signal transportation .

T/F

Answer 9

True

Question 10

Each and every cell always has one nucleus.

T/F

Answer 10

False

Question 11

Generally, the more active a cell is, the more mitochondria it will contain.

T/F

Answer 11

True

Question 12

Membranous bags that temporarily contain molecules for transport or later use are known as peroxisomes.

T/F

Answer 12

False

Question 13

forms ribosomes

Answer 13

nucleolus

Question 14

separates the cell from its environment

Answer 14

plasma membrane

Question 15

acts as the cell’s “digestive system”

Answer 15

lysosome

Question 16

acts as a “protein factory”

Answer 16

ribosome

Question 17

contains organelles

Answer 17

Cytoplasm

Question 18

contains DNA

Answer 18

Nucleus

Question 19

act as “power plants” of the cell

Answer 19

Mitochondria

Question 20

classified as both smooth and rough

Answer 20

Endoplasmic reticulum

Question 21

________________________ is the cell’s internal supporting framework.

Answer 21

Cytoskeleton

Question 22

_________________________ are the smallest cell fibers.

Answer 22

Microfilaments

Question 23

The thickest of the cell fibers are tiny, hollow tubes called _______________________.

Answer 23

Microtubules

Question 24

The __________________________ is an area of the cytoplasm near the nucleus that coordinates the building and breaking of microtubules in the cell.

Answer 24

Centrosome

Question 25

_________________, __________________, and ____________________ are cell extensions that appear on certain types of cells.

Answer 25

Microvilli, cilia, flagella

Question 26

When membrane channels of adjacent plasma membranes connect to others, the formation is known as __________________ _______________________.

Answer 26

Gap Junctions

Question 27

____________________________ hold skin together.

Answer 27

Desmosomes

Question 28

Brian is a sedentary, overweight cigarette smoker who has chest pain whenever he exerts himself. Upon examination, his cardiologist determines that Brian is suffering from heart disease. Which receptors in the cells that line the blood vessels of his heart are responsible? What type of cholesterol is responsible? What other diseases may he be at risk for?

Answer 28

a) CD36 (b) LDL (c) stroke, diabetes, cancer, muscular dystrophy

Question 29

After several weeks of exercising in the weight room, Valerie notices that she has not only become stronger, but quite muscular as well. Which organelle has increased its density in the cytoplasm of the cells of her muscles in response to a greater demand for ATP production?

Answer 29

Mitochondria

Question 30

Which of the following cellular extensions are required when absorption is important?

Answer 30

microvilli

Question 31

Movement of the ovum within the female reproductive tract is largely as a result of:

Answer 31

the cilia lining the uterine tubes.

Question 32

Skin cells are held tightly together by:

Answer 32

desmosomes

Question 33

Ribosomes are attached to:

Answer 33

rough endoplasmic reticulum.

Question 34

The phospholipid area of the plasma membrane of a cell is:

Answer 34

bilayered

Question 35

detect changes in the environment

Answer 35

nerve cells

Question 36

contract for movement

Answer 36

muscle cells

Question 37

transport oxygen

Answer 37

red blood cells

Question 38

release hormones

Answer 38

Gland cells

Question 39

destroy bacteria

Answer 39

Immune cells

Question 40

A typical, or ___________________________, cell exhibits the most important characteristics of cell types.

Answer 40

Composite

Question 41

________________________________ is the term meaning “water-loving.”

Answer 41

Hydrophilic

Question 42

________________________________ is the process that allows a message to be carried across a membrane.

Answer 42

Signal transduction

Question 43

__________________________________ detoxify harmful substances that enter cells.

Answer 43

Peroxisomes

Question 44

The _______________________________ is one of the largest cell structures and occupies the central portion of the cell.

Answer 44

Nucleus

Question 45

Embedded within the phospholipid bilayer of the cell membrane are a variety of __________ ___________ ___________.

Answer 45

Integral membrane protein

Question 46

Peroxisomes are small membranous sacs containing enzymes that detoxify harmful substances that enter the cell. T/F

Answer 46

True

Question 47

Dynein, myosin, and kinesin are examples of proteasomes. T/F

Answer 47

False

Question 48

Microfilaments serve as “cellular muscles.” T/F

Answer 48

True

Question 49

All cells contain thousands of ribosomes. T/F

Answer 49

True