chapter 5

Question 1

The sum of individual tasks that contribute to the the final group product

Answer 1

additive tasks

Question 2

Tasks that are prescribed by the organization as a means of dividing the labor and assigning responsibility

Answer 2

assigned roles

Question 3

Activities that disrupt or destroy the group

Answer 3

blocking roles

Question 4

The highest level of group maturity where there is a feeling of cohesiveness and commitment to the group

Answer 4

collaboration

Question 5

When crowds create a mental homogeneity

Answer 5

collective mind

Question 6

Tasks that can be divided into interdependent subtasks and then assigned to various group members through a “division of labor”

Answer 6

conjunctive taks

Question 7

When individuals become lost in crowds and perform acts they would not perform if they were alone

Answer 7

deindividuation

Question 8

Norms that emerge from watching how others behave and then adopting the same patterns

Answer 8

descriptive norms

Question 9

Decision-making tasks that require the group to select the best solution

Answer 9

disjunctive tasks

Question 10

Roles that develop naturally to meet the needs of group members or assist in achieving formal goals

Answer 10

emergent roles

Question 11

The belief that everyone should be treated the same

Answer 11

equality

Question 12

The belief that rewards should be allocated on the basis of merit according to each person’s contribution to the group

Answer 12

equity

Question 13

General expectations about how members ought to behave, The commonly held beliefs of group members about appropriate conduct

Answer 13

group norms

Question 14

The task activities and responsibilities the group members perform

Answer 14

group roles

Question 15

A social influence process in which individuals feel the need to conform to group pressure because they depend on others for information about the appropriateness of their thoughts, feelings, and behavior

Answer 15

information dependence

Question 16

The shared attitudes and beliefs that group members bring to the group that are enforced through peer pressure

Answer 16

injunctive norms

Question 17

When two or more role senders communicate incompatible expectations to the focal person

Answer 17

intersend role conflict

Question 18

When a single role sender communicates incompatible role expectations to the focal person

Answer 18

intrasender role conflict

Question 19

The social-emotional activities of group members that maintain their involvement and personal commitment to the group

Answer 19

maintenance roles

Question 20

The belief that when people make an effort to help you, you should feel an obligation to help them at a later time

Answer 20

norm of reciprocity

Question 21

The first stage of group development when members learn about the purposes of the group and the roles of each member

Answer 21

orientation (forming)

Question 22

When people are asked to behave in ways that are inconsistent with their personal values

Answer 22

person role conflict

Question 23

The inefficiencies that arise from having to organize and coordinate larger groups

Answer 23

process loss

Question 24

Time that is wasted on trying to decide who should participate next in a group

Answer 24

process time

Question 25

A social influence process that suggests groups have the capacity to reward or punish their members

Answer 25

reward dependence

Question 26

The expected behaviors attached to a position or job

Answer 26

role

Question 27

The interaction between role senders and the person receiving the role

Answer 27

role episode

Question 28

The conflicting demands of too many roles (also called inter-role conflict)

Answer 28

role overload

Question 29

The focal person’s ability and willingness to accept the responsibility associated with a new role

Answer 29

role readiness

Question 30

Anyone attempting to change the behavior of another individual

Answer 30

role sender

Question 31

The concentration of people within an area

Answer 31

social density

Question 32

occurs when the members of a group exert less effort while working as a group than when working as individuals

Answer 32

social loafing

Question 33

A group that relies on technology to interact and accomplish its tasks

Answer 33

virtual team

Question 34

Task-oriented activities involved in accomplishing the work and achieving the group objective

Answer 34

work roles