Chapter 5

Question 1

Local Anesthetic Solutions

Answer 1

manufactured in single-use cartridges (carpules)

• 1.8 of solution
• Articaine: 1.7mL of solution

Question 2

Lidicaine

Answer 2

Xylocaine, alphacaine, octocaine

Question 3

Mepivacaine

Answer 3

carbocaine, arestocaine, isocaine, polocaine

Question 4

Articaine

Answer 4

Septocaine, Zorcaine, Articadent

Question 5

Bupivacaine

Answer 5

Marcaine

Question 6

Vasoconstrictor preservatives

Answer 6

• Sodium bisulfite
• Metabisulfite
• Acetone sodium bisulfite

Question 7

Purposes of acetone sodium bisulfite

Answer 7

provides a prolonged shelf life via antioxidant properties.

Question 8

Disadvantages of acetone sodium bisulfite

Answer 8

• Increased acidity of pH of anesthetic solution

- Potential for allergic reactions

Question 9

Which anesthetic Agents are metabolized in the plasma by plasma cholinesterase?

Answer 9

Esters

Question 10

Which anesthetic Agents is metabolized in the liver?

Answer 10

Amides

Question 11

Short-acting anesthetics

Answer 11

• Approximately 30-minute duration
• Pulpal anesthesia
• No vasoconstrictor

Question 12

Intermediate-acting Anesthetics

Answer 12

• Approximately 60-minute duration
• Pulpal anesthesia
• Does contain a vasoconstrictor

Question 13

Long-acting anesthetics

Answer 13

• Approximately 90-minute duration
• Pulpal anesthesia
• Does contain a vasoconstrictor

Question 14

When hemostasis control is needed

Answer 14

adrenergic vasoconstrictors offer considerable value to the selection of the anesthetic.

Question 15

Higher doses of epinephrine are needed to produce

Answer 15

the vasoconstriction action of alpha receptors.

Question 16

Procaine

Answer 16

• Ester of para-aminobenzoic acid (PABA)
• No longer used in dentistry
• Used in medicine as an antiarrhythmic agent