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Chapters Flashcards Milady > Chapter 5 > Flashcards

Chapter 5 Flashcards

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1
Q

sanitizing

A

Definition:

A chemical process for reducing the number of disease-causing germs on cleaned surfaces to a safe level

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2
Q

Safety Data Sheet (SDS)

A

Definition:
Abbreviated SDS; required by law for all products sold. SDSs include safety information about products compiled by the manufacturer, including hazardous ingredients, safe use and handling procedures, proper disposal guidelines, precautions to reduce the risk of accidental harm or overexposure, and more.

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3
Q

Material Safety Data Shee

A

Definition:
Abbreviated MSDS; replaced by Safety Data Sheet; information compiled by the manufacturer about product safety, including the names of hazardous ingredients, safe handling and use procedures, precautions to reduce the risk of accidental harm or overexposure, and flammability warnings.

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4
Q

Mycobacterium fortuitum

A

Definition:

A microscopic germ that normally exists in tap water in small numbers.

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5
Q

infectious

A

Definition:

Caused by or capable of being transmitted by infection.

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6
Q

Hospital disinfectants

A

Definition:

Disinfectants that are effective for cleaning blood and body fluids.

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7
Q

Disinfectants

A

Definition:
Chemical products approved by the EPA designed to destroy most bacteria (excluding spores), fungi, and viruses on surfaces.

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8
Q

disease

A

Definition:
An abnormal condition of all or part of the body, or its systems or organs, which makes the body incapable of carrying on normal function

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9
Q

Nonporous

A

Definition:

An item that is made or constructed of a material that has no pores or openings and cannot absorb liquids.

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10
Q

Tuberculocidal disinfectants

A

Definition:

Disinfectants that kill the bacteria that causes tuberculosis.

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11
Q

infection

A

Definition:

The invasion of body tissues by disease-causing pathogens

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12
Q

tuberculosis

A

Definition:

A disease caused by bacteria that are transmitted through coughing or sneezing.

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13
Q

Infection control

A

Definition:

Are the methods used to eliminate or reduce the transmission of infectious organisms.

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14
Q

infectious disease

A

Definition:
Disease caused by pathogenic (harmful) microorganisms that enter the body. An infectious disease may be spread from one person to another person.

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15
Q

clean

A

Definition:
A mechanical process (scrubbing) using soap and water or detergent and water to remove all visible dirt, debris, and many disease-causing germs. Cleaning also removes invisible debris that interfere with disinfection. Cleaning is what cosmetologists are required to do before disinfecting.

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16
Q

disinfection

A

Definition:
A chemical process that destroys most, but not necessarily all, harmful organisms on environmental surfaces. The pathogens of concern in the cosmetology industry are effectively destroyed by the disinfection process, which is required in all states.

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17
Q

virucidal

A

Definition:

Capable of destroying viruses.

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18
Q

bactericidal

A

Definition:

Capable of destroying bacteria.

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19
Q

fungicidal

A

Definition:

Capable of destroying fungi.

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20
Q

microorganism

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Definition:

Any organism of microscopic or submicroscopic size.

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21
Q

Bacteria

A

Definition:

One-celled microorganisms that have both plant and animal characteristics. Some are harmful; some are harmless.

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22
Q

Pathogenic

A

Definition:

Harmful microorganisms that can cause disease or infection in humans when they invade the body

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23
Q

nonpathogenic

A

Definition:
Harmless microorganisms that may perform useful functions and are safe to come in contact with since they do not cause disease or harm

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24
Q

Direct Transmission

A

Definition:
Transmission of blood or body fluids through touching (including shaking hands), kissing, coughing, sneezing, and talking.

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25
Indirect Transmission
Definition: Transmission of blood or body fluids through contact with an intermediate contaminated object such as a razor, extractor, nipper, or an environmental surface
26
Streptococci
Definition: Pus-forming bacteria arranged in curved lines resembling a string of beads. They cause infections such as strep throat and blood poisoning.
27
Staphylococci
Definition: | Pus-forming bacteria that grow in clusters like a bunch of grapes. They cause abscesses, pustules, and boils.
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Cocci
Definition: Round-shaped bacteria that appear singly (alone) or in groups. The three types of cocci are staphylococci, streptococci, and diplococci.
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Diplococci
Definition: | Spherical bacteria that grow in pairs and cause diseases such as pneumonia.
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Bacilli
Definition: Singular: bacillus. Short, rod-shaped bacteria. They are the most common bacteria and produce diseases such as tetanus (lockjaw), typhoid fever, tuberculosis, and diphtheria.
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flagella
Definition: Slender, hair-like extensions used by bacilli and spirilla for locomotion (moving about). May also be referred to as cilia.
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Spirilla
Definition: | Spiral or corkscrew-shaped bacteria that cause diseases such as syphilis and Lyme disease.
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motility
Definition: | Self-movement.
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binary fission
Definition: | The division of bacteria cells into two new cells called daughter cells.
35
Bacterial spore
Definition: Bacteria capable of producing a protective coating that allows them to withstand very harsh environments, and shed the coating when conditions become more favorable
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local infection
Definition: An infection, such as a pimple or abscess, that is confined to a particular part of the body and appears as a lesion containing pus.
37
Pus
Definition: | A fluid created by infection
38
inflammation
Definition: A condition in which the body reacts to injury, irritation, or infection; characterized by redness, heat, pain, and swelling.
39
methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA)
Definition: Abbreviated MRSA; a type of infectious bacteria that is highly resistant to conventional treatments due to incorrect doses or choice of antibiotic.
40
systemic infection
Definition: Infection that affects the body as a whole, often due to under-functioning or over-functioning of internal glands or organs. This disease is carried through the blood stream or the lymphatic system.
41
contagious disease
Definition: Also known as communicable disease; disease that is spread from one person to another person. Some of the more contagious diseases are the common cold, ringworm, conjunctivitis (pinkeye), viral infections, and natural nail or toe and foot infections.
42
Contamination
Definition: The presence, or the reasonably anticipated presence, of blood or other potentially infectious materials on an item’s surface or visible debris or residues such as dust, hair, and skin.
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Diagnosis
Definition: Determination of the nature of a disease from its symptoms and/or diagnostic tests. Federal regulations prohibit salon professionals from performing a diagnosis.
44
Parasitic Disease
Definition: | Disease caused by parasites, such as lice and mites.
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Occupational Disease
Definition: Illness resulting from conditions associated with employment, such as prolonged and repeated overexposure to certain products or ingredients.
46
Pathogenic Disease
Definition: | Disease produced by organisms, including bacteria, viruses, fungi, and parasites.
47
Biofilms
Definition: | Colonies of bacteria that adhere together and adhere to environmental surfaces.
48
virus
Definition: | A parasitic submicroscopic particle that infects and resides in cells of biological organisms
49
human papilloma virus
Definition: Abbreviated HPV; a virus that causes warts in humans, but is also the cause of cervical cancer in women. When the virus infects the bottom of the foot and resembles small black dots, usually in clustered groups, it is also called plantar warts.
50
bloodborne pathogens
Definition: | Disease-causing microorganisms carried in the body by blood or body fluids, such as hepatitis and HIV.
51
Hepatitis
Definition: | A bloodborne virus that causes disease and can damage the liver.
52
acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS)
Definition: | A disease that breaks down the body’s immune system. AIDS is caused by the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)
53
Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)
Definition: | Abbreviated HIV; virus that causes acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS).
54
Fungi
Definition: Single-cell organisms that grow in irregular masses that include molds, mildews, and yeasts; can produce contagious diseases such as ringworm.
55
toxins
Definition: | Various poisonous substances produced by some microorganisms (bacteria and viruses).
56
Mildew
Definition: | A type of fungus that affects plants or grows on inanimate objects, but does not cause human infections in the salon.
57
Tinea barbae
Definition: A superficial fungal infection caused by a variety of dermatophytes that commonly affects the skin. It is primarily limited to the bearded areas of the face and neck or around the scalp. A person with this condition may have deep, inflamed or non-inflamed patches of skin on the face or the nape of the neck.
58
Folliculitis barbae
Definition: Synonym tinea barbae (TIN-ee-uh BAR-bee). Also known as barbers itch, inflammation of the hair follicles caused by a bacterial infection from ingrown hairs. The cause is typically from ingrown hairs due to shaving or other epilation methods.
59
tinea pedis
Definition: | A ringworm fungus of the foot.
60
tinea capitis
Definition: | A fungal infection of the scalp characterized by red papules, or spots, at the opening of the hair follicles.
61
Parasites
Definition: Organisms that grow, feed, and shelter on or in another organism (referred to as the host), while contributing nothing to the survival of that organism. Parasites must have a host to survive.
62
Scabies
Definition: | A contagious skin disease that is caused by the itch mite, which burrows under the skin.
63
Immunity
Definition: The ability of the body to destroy and resist infection. Immunity against disease can be either natural or acquired, and is a sign of good health.
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Natural immunity
Definition: | Immunity that is partly inherited and partly developed through healthy living.
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Acquired immunity
Definition: Immunity that the body develops after overcoming a disease, through inoculation (such as flu vaccinations) or through exposure to natural allergens such as pollen, cat dander, and ragweed.
66
Sterilization
Definition: | The process that completely destroys all microbial life, including spores.
67
Decontamination
Definition: The removal of blood and all other potentially infectious materials on an item’s surface, and the removal of visible debris or residue such as dust, hair, and skin.
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efficacy
Definition: | The ability to produce an effect.
69
allergy
Definition: | Reaction due to extreme sensitivity to certain foods, chemicals, or other normally harmless substances.
70
Quaternary ammonium compounds
Definition: Commonly known as “quats”; are products made of quaternary ammonium cations and are designed for disinfection on nonporous surfaces. They are appropriate for use in non-critical (non-invasive) environments and are effective against most pathogens of concern in the salon environment.
71
sodium hypochlorite
Definition: | Common household bleach; an effective disinfectant for the salon.
72
Phenolic disinfectants
Definition: Powerful tuberculocidal disinfectants. They are a form of formaldehyde, have a very high pH, and can damage the skin and eyes.
73
Single-use
Definition: Also known as disposable items; items that cannot be used more than once. These items cannot be properly cleaned so that all visible residue is removed—such as pumice stones used for pedicures—or they are damaged or contaminated by cleaning and disinfecting.
74
Multiuse
Definition: Also known as reusable items; items that can be cleaned, disinfected, and used on more than one person, even if the item is accidentally exposed to blood or body fluid.
75
porous
Definition: | Made or constructed of a material that has pores or openings. Porous items are absorbent.
76
Antiseptics
Definition: | Chemical germicide formulated for use on skin; registered and regulated by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA).
77
Chelating soaps
Definition: Also known as chelating detergents; they break down stubborn films and remove the residue of pedicure products such as scrubs, salts, and masks.
78
Standard Precautions
Definition: Abbreviated SP; precautions such as wearing personal protective equipment to prevent skin and mucous membranes where contact with a client’s blood, body fluids, secretions (except sweat), excretions, non-intact skin, and mucous membranes is likely. Workers must assume that all blood and body fluids are potential sources of infection, regardless of the perceived risk
79
asymptomatic
Definition: | Showing no symptoms or signs of infection.
80
exposure incident
Definition: Contact with non-intact (broken) skin, blood, body fluid, or other potentially infectious material that is the result of the performance of an employee’s duties.

Chapters Flashcards Milady (7 decks)

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