Chapter 5: Cell Processes- Photosynthesis And Respiration Flashcards
(30 cards)
Where does light-dependent reaction take place
On the thylakoids membranes of the Ghana of chloroplasts
What is the light-dependent reaction in photosynthesis?
Uses light energy to make ATP and NADPH
Where and when does photosynthesis occur?
It occurs in the chloroplast of plant cell during daylight hours
What does the light independent reaction do?
Glucose is created during in what is known as the Calvin cycle
What is the word equation for photosynthesis?
Carbon dioxide + water solar energy/chlorophyll -> glucose + oxygen
Balanced Formula equation for photosynthesis
6CO2 + 6H2O solar energy/chloride -> C6H12O6 + 6O2 + 6H2O
What is glucose produced during the light-independent reaction used for?
Used in respiration
Used to make other needed organic chemicals eg. Fats, amino acids and cellulose
What effects the rate of photosynthesis? (There are 6)
Temperature Light intensity CO2 concentration Water Mineral ions Light wavelength
How does temperature effect the rate of photosynthesis?
Increasing the temperature increases the rate of photosynthesis up to an optimum temperature. When temperature rise too far above the optimum temperature, the enzymes controlling the reaction denature and can no longer catalyse the reactions; photosynthesis ceases.
How does light intensity effect the rate of photosynthesis?
Increasing the light intensity increases the rate of photosynthesis up to a maximum. Above this maximum, further increases in light in has no further effect.
How does CO2 concentration effect the rate of reaction?
Increasing CO2 increases the rate of photosynthesis up to a maximum. Above this maximum, further increases in CO2 have no further effect on the photosynthesis rate
How does water effect the rate of photosynthesis?
Cells, even if dehydrated, contain quantities of water sufficient to allow photosynthesis; however, the closure of stomata to prevent water loss will also prevent entry of CO2, which will limit photosynthesis
How do mineral ions effect the rate of photosynthesis?
Certain mineral ions are essential for photosynthesis to occur
How does the light wave length effect the rate of photosynthesis?
The light-absorbing pigments are most active when absorbing light in the blue and red wavelengths of the electromagnetic spectrum. Wavelengths of green are not absorbed, but reflected.
Why is photosynthesis important?
It converts solar energy into chemical energy as organic molecules which feeds plants
What are autotrophs?
Plants, as they are self feeders and producers of food.
Where does respiration occur?
Occurs in the mitochondria of the cells
What happens during respiration?
The cell breaks down glucose to produce ATP
What does ATP stand for?
Adenosine triphosphate
What is ATP?
Adenosine triphosphate is known as an ‘energy molecule’ in all organisms
Which chemical reactions are ATP used for?
- Active transport of substances across membranes
- Synthesis of molecules such as proteins from amino acids
- movement
- Bioluminescence (light production) in animals such as glow worms and fireflies
What is aerobic respiration?
Aerobic respiration requires oxygen
What are the 3 main enzyme-controlled chemical pathways in aerobic respiration
Glycolysis
Kerbs cycle
Electron transfer chain
What occurs in glycolysis?
Each glucose molecule is broken down into two pyruvate molecules. During this two ATP molecules are produced.
