chapter 5: communication

Question 1

define:

interpersonal gap

Answer 1

senders intentions differ from what the reciever understands

more likely to happen in close relationships

Question 2

list

functions of nonverbal communication

5 points

Answer 2

• provides information
• regulating interactions
• defining nature of relationship
• interpersonal influence
• impression management

Question 3

define:

display rules

Answer 3

cultural norms that dictate what emotions are appropriate in particular situations

Question 4

define:

intesify emotions

Answer 4

exaggerating emotions to appear to be experiencing stronger feelings

Question 5

define:

minimize emotions

Answer 5

trying to look less emotional

Question 6

define:

neutralize emotions

Answer 6

try to withhold true feelings

Question 7

define:

masking emotions

Answer 7

replace real emotions with different apparent emotions

Question 8

define:

visual prominance ratio

Answer 8

compares look-speak (% of time speaker gazes at listener) to speak-look (% of time listener looks at speaker)

Question 9

Answer

what type of bodily positions do high status people tend to adopt

Answer 9

asymmetrical postures that tend to take up space

Question 10

define:

oculesics

Answer 10

gazing behavior

Question 11

Answer:

what is the ratio of speaker eye contact to listener eye contact in normal interactions

Answer 11

40/60

Question 12

answer:

what is the eye contact ratio of speaker to listener in unequal power interactions

Answer 12

60/40

Question 13

define:

kinesics

Answer 13

body movement

Question 14

list

characterstics of nonverbal communication

6 points

Answer 14

• phylogentically primary (lots of species communicate)
• ontogeneticlly primary (before humans speak they use nvc)
• continuous
• multichanneled
• given weight over verbal information
• has both biological and cultural influences

Question 15

define:

leakage

Answer 15

when people try to control their expressions, the truth of how they are feeling might leak out of one or more channel

Question 16

list

channels of nonverbal communication

5 points

Answer 16

• facial expressions
• oculesics
• kinesics
• haptics
• proxemics

Question 17

define

haptics

Answer 17

touch

Question 18

define:

proxemics

Answer 18

interpersonal distance

Question 19

define

intimate zone

Answer 19

front of chest to about 1.5 ft

Question 20

define

personal zone:

distance

Answer 20

1.5 ft - 4ft

friends closer than aquaintances

Question 21

define

social zone

distance

Answer 21

4-12 ft

across desk?

Question 22

define

public zone

distance

Answer 22

beyond 12 ft

lecture hall

Question 23

list

benefits of touch

Answer 23

• kissing can reduce cholesterol
• touch can reduce cortisol
• more hugs you get less likely to get a cold (or so they say?)

Question 24

define:

paralanguage

Answer 24

variations in a persons speech other than words

rhythm, pitch, loudness, rate

Question 25

# true or false women are typically better at encoding and decoding body language when no deception occurs

Answer 25

true

Question 26

# true or false in unhappy marriages wives were better at understanding the body language of strangers better than their husbands; husbands were better at understanding wife's body language than strangers.

Answer 26

false; both husband and wife understood strangers body language better than eachothers.

Question 27

# define: self disclosure

Answer 27

process of revealing personal information

Question 28

# define social penetration theory

Answer 28

relationships develop through systematic changes in communication

Question 29

# list aspects of communication change

Answer 29

* breadth * depth

Question 30

# define breadth | social penetration theory

Answer 30

variety of topics talked about

Question 31

# define: depth | social penetration theory

Answer 31

personal signifigance of topics

Question 32

# list 3 components of the interpersonal process model of intimacy

Answer 32

* partners engage in meaningful self disclosure * partners respond to eachothers personal info w interest * each partner recognizes the other is being responsive

Question 33

# list reasons for self disclosure

Answer 33

* we reveal more to those we like * we like others bc we have self disclosed * it is rewarding to be entrusted w self disclosures from others

Question 34

# list health benefits for self disclosure

Answer 34

* better long term health * better stress response * lower cholseterol, heart rates and blood pressure

Question 35

# List a difference between topic of conversation for men and women

Answer 35

* men talk about impersonal matters * women talk about feelings and close relationships/ other personal aspects

Question 36

# list characteristics of womens style of conversation

Answer 36

* more indirect/ seem less certain * speak up more often * have fewer monologues

Question 37

# list characteristics of men's style of conversation

Answer 37

* more forceful * speak up less often * command the floor for longer when they do speak

Question 38

# list characteristics of womens self disclosure

Answer 38

* self disclose more * elicit more self-disclosure * interactions that include a woman tend to be more intimate and meaningful

Question 39

# list characteristics of mens self disclosure

Answer 39

* self disclose less, especially to other men * men depend more on women for emotional warmth/intimacy than women do in return

Question 40

# define: kitchen sinking

Answer 40

addressing several problems at once

Question 41

# define: drifting off beam

Answer 41

wandering from topic to topic so the conversation neber stays on one problem long enough to resolve it

Question 42

# define: mindreading | dysfunctional listening

Answer 42

people assume that they understand their partners thoughts w/o asking

Question 43

# define: yes-butting

Answer 43

finding something unworkable w everything the partner says

Question 44

# define: cross-complaining

Answer 44

responding to a complaint w one of their own

Question 45

# define: negative affect reciprocity

Answer 45

when a person starts responding in a negative way the other person is likely to respond negatively

Question 46

# list the four horsemen of the apocolypse (divorce)

Answer 46

* criticism * contempt * defensiveness * stonewalling

Question 47

# define behavior description

Answer 47

identify as plainly and concretely as possible a specific behavior that annoyed us

Question 48

# define: I statements

Answer 48

statements that start with I and describe a distinct emotional reaction

Question 49

# define XYZ statements

Answer 49

when you do x in situation y it makes me feel z

Question 50

# define perception checking

Answer 50

assessing the accuracy of your inferences about a partners feelings by asking the partner for clarification