Chapter 5 - Cultural Implications Flashcards
(23 cards)
Western Tradition - Worldview
Identity found in individuality
Values
- Autonomy
- Independence
- Self-reliance
Mind and body = separate entities
Disease has a measurable cause, and treatment is aimed at the cause
Time is linear
Success is obtained in preparing for the future
Eastern Tradition - Worldview
Family basis for identity
Body-mind-spirit = one entity
Time is circular and recurring
Born into a fate; duty to comply
Disease caused by fluctuations in opposing forces
Indigenous Culture - Worldview
Places significance on place of humans in natural world
Basis of identity is the tribe
Person is an entity only in relation to others
Disease- lack of harmony between individual and environment
Define Race
Can be defined biologically, anthropologically, or genetically; can be distinguished visually from one another based physical characteristics
Define Ethnicity
Common heritage and history
Share worldview for thinking
Define Culture
Shared beliefs, values, and practices
includes religious, geographic, socioeconomic, occupational, ability- or disability-related, and sexual
Define Cultural Norms
refer to attitudes and behaviors culturally defined and considered normal, typical, or average within that group.
Define Enculturation
Transmission of culture’s worldview, beliefs, values, and practices to its members
Define Ethnocentrism
the universal tendency of humans to think their way of thinking and behaving is the only correct and natural way
Define Cultural imposition
process in which people or groups try impose their own values and patterns of behavior on others because they believe their way is superior
What are the effects of stigmatization of mental illness?
In cultures where the body and mind are considered one entity, or in cultures in which there is a high degree of stigma associated with mental health problems, individuals frequently somatize their feelings of psychological distress. In somatization, psychological distress is experienced as physical problems.
Cultural/ Cultural Bound Syndrome
Among the indigenous peoples of Latin America, in which this illness is most common, susto may be conceptualized as a case of spirit attack.[4] Symptoms of susto a
Populations at Risk of Mental Illness and Inadequate Care
Immigrants - choose to move to a new location
Refugees - are forces to a new location
Cultural “minorities” - vulnerable to discrimination
Define acculturation
learning the beliefs, values, and practices of their new cultural setting—that sometimes takes several generations
Define assimilation
The process of adaptation
Five constructs of culturally effective care
Cultural awareness
Cultural knowledge
Cultural encounters
Cultural skill
Cultural desire
Define Culturally congruent practice (care)
applying evidence-based nursing care that corresponds with patients’ values, beliefs, practices, and worldview.
Define Cultural competence
the process of demonstrating culturally congruent practice
Define Cultural Awareness
Examine beliefs, values, and practices of own culture
Recognize that during a cultural encounter, three cultures are intersecting
-Culture of the patient, nurse, and setting
Define knowledge
Learn by attending cultural events and programs
Forge friendships with diverse cultural groups
Learn by studying
Learning cultural differences helps nurse
- Establish rapport
- Ask culturally relevant questions
- Identify cultural variables to be considered
Define encounters
Deter nurses from stereotyping
Help nurses gain confidence in cross-cultural interactions
Help nurses avoid or reduce cultural pain
Define Cultural skill
Ability to perform a cultural assessment in a sensitive way
- Use professional medical interpreter to ensure meaningful communication
- Use culturally sensitive assessment tools
Goal
- A mutually agreeable therapeutic plan : Culturally acceptable, Capable of producing positive outcomes
Define Cultural desire
Genuine concern for patient’s welfare
Willingness to listen until patient’s viewpoint is understood
Patience, consideration, and empathy
