Chapter 5 - Integumentary System Flashcards
What are the two parts that make up the integument?
Cutaneous membrane (skin) Accessory Structures
What are the two components of the cutaneous membrane?
Outer epidermis and inner dermis.
What are accessory structures?
They originate in the dermis and extends through the epidermis to the skin surface. (hair, nails, exocrine glands)
Hypodermis
Loose connective tissue below the dermis.
What are the functions of the skin?
Protection and housing of underlying tissues and organs
Excretion through glands
Maintain body temp
Produces melanin and keratin
Synthesis of vitamin D
Storage of lipids
Houses sensory receptors for touch, pressure, pain and temperature.
The epidermis is avascular, meaning?
That it does not have blood vessels so it receives nutrients and oxygen from the dermis.
What is the most abundant of cells in the epidermis?
Keratinoctyes
What type of skin covers most of the body?
Thin skin.
How many layers of keratinocytes does thin skin have?
4 layers
Where do we find thick skin?
On our palms and the soles of our feet.
How many layers of keratinocytes does thick skin have?
5 layers
What are the 5 layers of thick skin?
Basale Spinosum Granulosum Lucidum Corneum
Hypodermis (subcutaneous layer)
Loose connective tissue below the dermis.
What are the 5 layers of thick skin?
Come Let's Get Sun Burned Corneum Lucidum Granulosum Spinosum Basale
What are the specialized cells of the basale layer?
Merkel Cells
Melanocytes
What is the function of Merkel cells?
It is involved with the sensation of touch.
What is the function of melanocytes?
Produces Melanin that contributes to skin pigment along with Carotene and hemoglobin.
What specialized cell is in the spinosum layer?
Langerhans which are for immune response against pathogens
What is the cementing layer of the skin?
Granulosum
What is the layer found only in thick skin?
Lucidum
What is the exposed surface of the skin?
Corneum which has 15 to 30 layers of keratinized cells.
What is the life expectancy of keratin?
2 weeks
Where is the dermis located?
Between the epidermis and subcutaneous layer
Name the two components of the dermis.
Papillary layer - loose connective (fatty)
Reticular layer - dense connective (collagen fibers)
