Chapter 5 Key words Flashcards
(20 cards)
GSM
grams per square meter, to classify the weights of paper/cards
Micron
one thousandth of a millimeter, to classify the thickness of paper/card
Softwood
From conifers, evergreen trees that keep their needles all year round (pine, cedar, spruce) Grow faster, the wood is usually lighter in colour. Cheaper, used in building industry for roof and door frames.
Hardwood
Broad-leafed trees, lose leaves over winter (oak, birch, teak) Grow slowly, dense timber/hard/heavy. Come in different colours, high quality items like furniture.
Manufactured boards
Sheets of timber made by gluing wood fibers or wood layers together. Good for making large flat boards that are stable and easy to work with.
Ferrous metal
a metal that contains iron
Non-ferrous metal
a metal that doesn’t contain iron
alloy
a metal made up of 2 or more metals (greater strength or resistance to corrrosion)
thermopolymer
soften when heated, hard when cooled. Can be repeated, recyclable. Will rest to original shape when re-heated. (plastic memory)
Thermo-setting polymer
undergo a chemical change to become hard. Once ‘set’ can’t be reheated/remoulded. can’t be recycled.
Polymer memory
Ability of thermo-polymers returning to original shape after reheating
Natural fibre
provided by nature, in plants and animals (like cotton, wool, silk)
Synthetic fibres
man-made come from sources like coal, oil, minerals and other petro-chemicals. Non-bio degradable so not sustainable. Can be engineered to give useful properties like flame.crease/stain resistance.
Blended fibres
improves quality/aesthetic/function/cost of final fabric. Textiles industry, spun into yarns (polyester cotton) this bending can lower the cost of the fabric.
blending
textiles industry, fibers blown together then spun into yarns. like polyester cotton, makes the fabric more suitable ad lowers the cost.
Non woven fabrics
lack strength or woven knitted fabric, usually decorative/disposable products. Either bonded or felted.
Modern materials
continually being developed through invention of new improved processes. Some with practical applications, others more for commercial use.
Smart materials
Respond to differences in temperature or light, and change in some way. They sense conditions in their environment and then respond. Appear to ‘think’ and have a ‘memory’ as they revert back to their original state.
Composite materials
Bonding materials to produce new materials, with improved properties. increasingly used in place of metals in machine tools.
Technical textiles
Engineered specifically for their performance, properties, NOT aesthetic value. Rapidly being used in everyday products and new technical textiles are being developed.
