Chapter 5 Medical Terminology Flashcards
(351 cards)
1
Q
a- (not
A
without
2
Q
ab- (away from) abduct
A
to draw away from the midline.
3
Q
abdomin/o (abdomen) abdominal
A
pertaining to the abdomen.
4
Q
-able
A
-ible (capable of) reducible
5
Q
ac- (to) acclimate
A
to become accustomed to.
6
Q
acou (hear) acoustic
A
pertaining to sound or hearing.
7
Q
acr/o (extremity
A
top
8
Q
acu (needle) acupuncture
A
the Chinese practice of piercing specific peripheral nerves with needles to relieve the discomfort associated with painful disorders.
9
Q
ad- (to
A
toward) adduct
10
Q
aden/o (gland) adenitis
A
inflammation of a gland.
11
Q
adip/o (fat) adipose
A
fatty; fat (in size).
12
Q
aer/o (air) aerobic
A
requiring the presence of oxygen to live and grow.
13
Q
af- (to) afferent
A
conveying toward.
14
Q
ag- (to) aggregate
A
to crowd or cluster together.
15
Q
-algesia (painful) hyperalgesia
A
overly sensitive to pain.
16
Q
-algia (painful condition) neuralgia
A
pain that extends along the course of one or more nerves.
17
Q
ambi- (both sides) ambidextrous
A
able to perform manual skills with both hands.
18
Q
ambl/y (dim
A
dull
19
Q
amphi-
A
ampho- (on both sides
20
Q
amyl/o (starch) amyloid
A
starchlike.
21
Q
an- (without) anemia
A
a reduced volume of blood cells.
22
Q
ana- (upward
A
backward
23
Q
andr/o (man
A
male) android
24
Q
angi/o (blood vessel
A
duct) angioplasty
25
ankyl/o (stiff) ankylosis
stiffness.
26
ant-
anti- (against
27
ante- (before
forward) antecubital
28
antero- (front) anterolateral
situated in front and to one side.
29
ap- (to) approximate
to bring together; to place close to.
30
apo- (separation
derivation from) apoplexy
31
-arium
-orium (place for something) solarium
32
arteri/o (artery) arteriosclerosis
thickening of the walls of the smaller arteries.
33
arthri/o (joint
articulation) arthritis
34
articul/o (joint) articulated
united by joints.
35
as- (to) assimilate
to take into.
36
at- (to) attract
to draw toward.
37
audi/o (hearing) audiometer
an instrument to test the power of hearing.
38
aur/o (ear) auricle
the flap of the ear.
39
aut/o (self) autistic
self-centered.
40
bi- (two
twice
41
bio (life) biology
the study of life.
42
blephari/o (eyelid) blepharitis
inflammation of the eyelid.
43
brachi/o (upper arm) brachialgia
pain in the upper arm.
44
brady- (slow) bradycardia
an abnormally slow heart rate.
45
bronch/o (larger air passages of the lungs) bronchitis
inflammation of the larger air passages of the lungs.
46
bucc/o (cheek) buccal
pertaining to the cheek.
47
cac/o (bad) cacosmis
a bad odor.
48
calc/o (pebble) calculus
an abnormal
49
calcane/o (heel) calcaneus
the heel bone.
50
calor/o (heat) caloric
pertaining to heat.
51
cancr/o (cancer) cancroid
resembling cancer.
52
capit/o (head) capitate
head-shaped.
53
caps/o (container) capsulation
enclosed in a capsule or container.
54
carcin/o (cancer) carcinogen
a substance that causes cancer.
55
cardi/o (heart) cardiogenic
originating in the heart.
56
carp/o (wrist bone) carpal
pertaining to the wrist bone.
57
cat-
cata- (down
58
-cele (tumor
hernia) hydrocele
59
celi/o (abdomen) celiomyalgia
a pain in the muscles of the abdomen.
60
-centesis (perforation or tapping
as with a needle) abdominocentesis
61
cephal/o (head) electroencephalogram
a recording of the electrical activity of the brain.
62
cerebr/o (cerebrum) cerebrospinal
pertaining to the brain and spinal fluid.
63
cervic/o (neck
cervix) cervical
64
cheil/o
chil/o (lip) cheilitis
65
cheirio
chir/o (hand) cheiralgia
66
chlor/o (green) chloroma
green cancer
67
chol/e (bile
gall) choledochitis
68
chondr/o (cartilage) chondrodynia
pain in a cartilage.
69
chrom/o
chromat/o (color) monochromatic
70
chron/o (time) chronic
persisting for a long time.
71
-cid- (cut
kill
72
circum- (around) circumscribed
confined to a limited space.
73
-cis- (cut
kill
74
-clysis (irrigation) enteroclysis
irrigation of the small intestine.
75
co- (with) cohesion
the force that causes various particles to unite.
76
col- (with) collateral
secondary or accessory; a small side branch such as a blood vessel or nerve.
77
col/o (colon
large intestine) colitis
78
colp/o (vagina) colporrhagia
bleeding from the vagina.
79
com- (with) comminuted
broken or crushed into small pieces.
80
con- (with) congenital
existing from the time of birth.
81
contra- (against
opposite) contraindicated
82
cor/e
core/o (pupil) corectopia
83
cost/o (rib) intercostal
between the ribs.
84
crani/o (skull) cranial
pertaining to the skull.
85
cry/o (cold) cryogenic
that which produces low temperature.
86
crypt/o (hide
cover
87
cyan/o (blue) cyanosis
bluish discoloration of the skin and mucous membranes.
88
cyst/o (urinary bladder
cyst
89
cyt/o (cell) cytoma
tumor of the cell.
90
-cyte (cell) leukocyte
white cell.
91
dacry/o (tear) dacryorrhea
excessive flow of tears.
92
dactyl/o (finger
toe) dactylomegaly
93
de- (down) descending
coming down from.
94
dent/o (tooth) dental
pertaining to the teeth.
95
derm/o
dermat/o (skin) dermatitis
96
dextr/o (right) dextrad
toward the right side.
97
di- (twice
double) diplegia
98
dia- (through
across
99
dipl/o (double
twin
100
dips/o (thirst) dipsomania
alcoholism.
101
dis- (to free
to undo) dissect
102
dors/o (back) dorsal
pertaining to the back.
103
-dynia (painful condition) cephalodynia
headache.
104
dys- (bad
difficult
105
-ectasia (dilation or enlargement of an organ or part) gastrectasia
dilation (stretching) of the stomach.
106
ecto- (outer
outside of) ectopic
107
-ectomy (the surgical removal of an organ or part) appendectomy
surgical removal of the appendix.
108
electr/o (electric) electrocardiogram
the written record of the heart’s electrical activity.
109
-emia (condition of the blood) anemia
a deficiency of red blood cells.
110
en- (in
into
111
encephal/o (brain) encephalitis
inflammation of the brain.
112
end-
endo- (within) endotracheal
113
ent-
ento- (within
114
enter/o (small intestine) enteritis
inflammation of the intestine.
115
ep-
epi- (over
116
erythr/o (red) erythrocyte
a red blood cell.
117
esthesia (feeling) anesthesia
without feeling.
118
eu- (good
well
119
ex- (out of
away from) excrement
120
exo- (outside
outward) exophytic
121
extra- (on the outside
beyond
122
faci/o (face
surface) facial
123
febr/i (fever) febrile
feverish.
124
-ferent (bear
carry) efferent
125
fibr/o (fiber
filament) fibrillation
126
-form (shape) deformed
abnormally shaped.
127
-fugal (moving away) centrifugal
moving away from a center.
128
galact/o (milk) galactopyria
milk fever.
129
gangli/o (knot) ganglion
a knotlike mass.
130
gastr/o (stomach) gastritis
inflammation of the stomach.
131
gen/o (come into being
originate) genetic
132
-genesis (production or origin) pathogenesis
the development of a disease.
133
-genic (giving rise to
originating in) cardiogenic
134
gloss/o (tongue) glossal
pertaining to the tongue.
135
glyc/o (sweet) glycemia
the presence of sugar in the blood.
136
gnath/o (jaw) gnathitis
inflammation of the jaw.
137
gnos/o (knowledge) prognosis
a prediction of the outcome of a disease.
138
-gram (drawing
written record) electrocardiogram
139
-graph (an instrument for recording the activity of an organ) electrocardiograph
an instrument for measuring the heart’s electrical activity.
140
-graphy (the recording of the activity of an organ) electro-cardiography
the method of recording the heart’s electrical activity.
141
gynec/o (woman) gynecologist
a specialist in diseases of the female genital tract.
142
hem/a
hem/o
143
hemi- (one-half) hemiplegia
paralysis of one side of the body.
144
hepat/o (liver) hepatitis
inflammation of the liver.
145
heter/o (other) heterogeneous
from a different source.
146
hidr/o
hidrot/o (sweat) hidrosis
147
hist/o (tissue) histodialysis
the breaking down of tissue.
148
hom/o
home/o (same
149
hyal/o (glass) hyaline
glassy
150
hydr/o (water
fluid) hydrocephalus
151
hyper- (beyond normal
excessive) hypertension
152
hypn/o (sleep) hypnotic
that which induces sleep.
153
hypo- (below normal
deficient
154
hyster/o (uterus
womb) hysterectomy
155
-iasis (condition) psoriasis
a chronic skin condition characterized by lesions.
156
iatr/o (healer
physician) pediatrician
157
-id (in a state
condition of) gravid
158
idio- (peculiar
separate
159
il- (not) illegible
cannot be read.
160
ile/o (ileum) ileitis
inflammation of the ileum.
161
ili/o (ilium) iliac
pertaining to the ilium.
162
im- (negative prefix) immature
not mature.
163
in- (in
into
164
infra- (beneath
below) infracostal
165
inter- (between) intercostal
between two ribs.
166
intra- (within) intraoral
within the mouth.
167
intro- (within
into) introspection
168
ir/o
irid/o (iris) iridotomy
169
ischi/o (ischium) ischialgia
pain in the ischium.
170
-ismus (abnormal condition) strabismus
deviation of the eye that a person cannot overcome.
171
iso- (same
equal
172
-itis (inflammation) endocarditis
inflammation within the heart.
173
kerat/o (cornea) keratitis
inflammation of the cornea.
174
kinesi/o (movement) kinesialgia
pain upon movement.
175
labi/o (lip) labiodental
pertaining to the lip and teeth.
176
lact/o (milk) lactation
the secretion of milk.
177
lal/o (talk) lalopathy
any speech disorder.
178
lapar/o (flank
abdomen
179
laryng/o (larynx) laryngoscope
an instrument for examining the larynx.
180
lept/o (thin) leptodactylous
having slender fingers.
181
leuc/o
leuk/o (white) leukemia
182
lingu/o (tongue) sublingual
under the tongue.
183
lip/o (fat) lipoma
fatty tumor.
184
lith/o (stone) lithotriptor
an instrument for crushing stones in the bladder.
185
-logist (a person who studies) pathologist
a person who studies diseases.
186
log/o (speak
give an account) logospasms
187
-logy (study of) pathology
the study of disease.
188
lumb/o (loin) lumbago
pain in the lumbar region.
189
lymph/o (lymph) lymphoduct
a vessel of the lymph system.
190
-lysis (destruction) electrolysis
destruction (of hair
191
macr/o (large
long) macrocephalous
192
malac/o (a softening) malacia
the morbid softening of a body part or tissue.
193
mamm/o (breast) mammary
pertaining to the breast.
194
-mania (mental aberration) kleptomania
the compulsion to steal.
195
mast/o (breast) mastectomy
surgical removal of the breast.
196
medi/o (middle) mediastinum
middle partition of the thoracic cavity.
197
mega- (large) megacolon
an abnormally large colon.
198
megal/o (large) megalomaniac
a person impressed with his own greatness.
199
-megaly (an enlargement) cardiomegaly
enlargement of the heart.
200
melan/o (dark
black) melanoma
201
men/o (month) menopause
cessation of menstruation.
202
mes/o (middle) mesiad
toward the center.
203
meta- (change
transformation
204
metr/o (uterus) metralgia
pain in the uterus.
205
micr/o (small) microscope
an instrument for magnifying small objects.
206
mon/o (single
only
207
morph/o (form) morphology
the study of form and shape.
208
multi- (many
much) multipara
209
my/o (muscle) myasthenia
muscular weakness.
210
myc/o
mycet/o (fungus) mycosis
211
myel/o (marrow
also often refers to spinal cord) myelocele
212
myx/o (mucous
slimelike) myxoid
213
narc/o (stupor
numbness) narcotic
214
nas/o (nose) oronasal
pertaining to the nose and mouth.
215
ne/o (new) neonate
a newborn infant.
216
necr/o (corpse) necrotic
dead (when referring to tissue).
217
nephr/o (kidney) nephralgia
pain in the kidneys.
218
neur/o (nerve) neuritis
inflammation of nerve pathways.
219
noct/i (night) noctambulism
sleepwalking.
220
norm/o (rule
order
221
null/i (none) nullipara
a woman who has never given birth to a child.
222
nyct/o (night) nycturia
excessive urination at night.
223
ob- (against
in front of
224
oc- (against
in front of
225
ocul/o (eye) ocular
pertaining to the eye.
226
odont/o (tooth) odontalgia
toothache.
227
-oid (shape
form
228
olig/o (few
deficient
229
-oma (tumor
swelling) adenoma
230
onych/o (nail) onychoma
tumor of a nail or nail bed.
231
oo- (egg) ooblast
a primitive cell from which an ovum develops.
232
oophor/o (ovary) oophorectomy
a surgical removal of one or both ovaries.
233
ophthalm/o (eye) opthalmic
pertaining to the eyes.
234
-opsy (a viewing) autopsy
postmortem examination of a body.
235
opt/o
optic/o (sight
236
or/o (mouth) oral
pertaining to the mouth.
237
orch/o
orchid/o (testicle) orchitis
238
orth/o (straight
upright) orthopedic
239
-osis (process
an abnormal condition) dermatosis
240
oste/o (bone) osteomyelitis
inflammation of bone or bone marrow.
241
ot/o (ear) otalgia
earache.
242
ov/i
ov/o (egg) oviduct
243
ovari/o (ovary) ovariocele
hernia of an ovary.
244
pachy- (thicken) pachyderma
abnormal thickening of the skin.
245
palat/o (palate) palatitis
inflammation of the palate.
246
pan- (all
entire
247
para- (beside
beyond
248
path/o (disease) pathogen
any disease-producing agent.
249
-pathy (disease of) osteopathy
disease of a bone.
250
-penia (an abnormal reduction) leukopenia
deficiency in white blood cells.
251
peps/o
pept/o (digestion) dyspepsia
252
per- (throughout
completely
253
peri- (around
surrounding) pericardium
254
-pexy (fixation) splenopexy
surgical fixation of the spleen.
255
phag/o (eat) phagomania
an insatiable craving for food.
256
pharyng/o (throat) pharyngospasms
spasms of the muscles of the pharynx.
257
phas/o (speech) aphasic
unable to speak.
258
phil/o (like
have an affinity for) necrophilia
259
phleb/o (vein) phlebotomy
surgical incision of a vein.
260
-phobia (fear
dread) claustrophobia
261
phon/o (sound) phonetic
pertaining to the voice.
262
phor/o (bear
carry) diaphoresis
263
phot/o (light) photosensitivity
abnormal reactivity of the skin to sunlight.
264
phren/o (diaphragm) phrenic nerve
a nerve that carries messages to the diaphragm.
265
physi/o (nature) physiology
the science that studies the function of living things.
266
pil/o (hair) pilose
hairy.
267
-plasia (development
formation) dysplasia
268
-plasty (surgical repair) arthroplasty
surgical repair of a joint.
269
-plegia (paralysis) paraplegia
paralysis of the lower body
270
pleur/o (rib
side
271
-pnea (breath
breathing) orthopnea
272
pneum/o
pneumat/o (air
273
pneum/o
pneumon/o (lung) pneumonia
274
pod/o (foot) podiatrist
a specialist in the care of feet.
275
-poiesis (formation) hematopoiesis
formation of blood.
276
poly- (much
many) polychromatic
277
post- (after
behind) postmortem
278
pre- (before) premature
occurring before the proper time.
279
pro- (before
in front of) prolapse
280
proct/o (anus) proctitis
inflammation of the rectum.
281
pseud/o (false) pseudoplegia
hysterical paralysis.
282
psych/o (mind
soul) psychopath
283
-ptosis (abnormal dropping or sagging of a part) hysteroptosis
sagging of the uterus.
284
pulmon/o (lung) pulmonary
pertaining to the lungs.
285
py/o (pus) pyorrhea
copious discharge of pus.
286
pyel/o (renal pelvis) pyelitis
inflammation of the renal pelvis.
287
pyr/o (fire
fever) pyromaniac
288
quadri- (four) quadriplegia
paralysis of all four limbs.
289
rach/i (spine) rachialgia
pain in the spine.
290
radi/o (ray
radiation) radiology
291
re- (back
against
292
rect/o (rectum) rectal
pertaining to the rectum.
293
ren/o (the kidneys) renal
pertaining to the kidneys.
294
retro- (located behind
backward) retroperineal
295
rhin/o (nose) rhinitis
inflammation of the mucous membranes of the nose.
296
-rrhage (abnormal discharge) hemorrhage
abnormal discharge of blood.
297
-rrhagia (hemorrhage from an organ or body part) menorrhagia
excessive uterine bleeding.
298
-rrhea (flowing or discharge) diarrhea
abnormal frequency and liquidity of fecal discharges.
299
sanguin/o (blood) exsanguinate
to lose a large volume of blood either internally or externally.
300
sarc/o (flesh) sarcoma
a malignant tumor.
301
schiz/o (split) schizophrenia
any of a group of emotional disorders characterized by bizarre behavior (erroneously called split personality).
302
scler/o (hardening) scleroderma
hardening of connective tissues of the body
303
-sclerosis (hardened condition) arteriosclerosis
hardening of the arteries.
304
scoli/o (twisted
crooked) scoliosis
305
-scope (an instrument for observing) endoscope
an instrument for the examination of a hollow body
306
-sect (cut) transect
to cut across.
307
semi- (one-half
partly) semisupine
308
sept/o
seps/o (infection) aseptic
309
somat/o (body) psychosomatic
both psychological and physiological.
310
son/o (sound) sonogram
a recording produced by the passage of sound waves through the body.
311
spermat/o (sperm
semen) spermicide
312
sphygm/o (pulse) sphygmomanometer
a device for measuring blood pressure in the arteries.
313
splen/o (spleen) splenectomy
surgical removal of the spleen.
314
-stasis (stopping
controlling) hemostasis
315
sten/o (narrow) stenosis
a narrowing of a passage or opening.
316
stere/o (solid
three-dimensional) stereoscopic
317
steth/o (chest) stethoscope
an instrument for listening to chest sounds.
318
sthen/o (strength) sthenometer
an instrument for measuring muscular strength.
319
-stomy (surgically creating a new opening) colostomy
surgical creation of an opening between the colon and the surface of the body.
320
sub- (under
near
321
super- (above
excess) superficial
322
supra- (above
over) suprapubic
323
sym-
syn- (joined together
324
tachy- (fast) tachycardia
a very fast heart rate.
325
-therapy (treatment) hydrotherapy
treatment with water.
326
therm/o (heat) thermogenesis
the production of heat.
327
thorac/o (chest cavity) thoracic
pertaining to the chest.
328
thromb/o (clot
lump) thrombophlebitis
329
-tome (a surgical instrument for cutting) microtome
an instrument for cutting thin slices of tissue.
330
-tomy (a surgical operation on an organ or body part) thoracotomy
surgical incision of the chest wall.
331
top/o (place) topographic
pertaining to special regions (of the body).
332
trache/o (trachea) tracheostomy
an opening in the neck that passes to the trachea.
333
trans- (through
across
334
tri- (three) trimester
a period of three months.
335
trich/o (hair) trichosis
any disease of the hair.
336
-tripsy (surgical crushing) lithotripsy
surgical crushing of stones.
337
troph/o (nourish) hypertrophic
enlargement of an organ or body part due to an increase in the size of cells.
338
ultra- (beyond
excess) ultrasonic
339
uni- (one) unilateral
affecting one side.
340
ur/o (urine) urinalysis
examination of urine.
341
ureter/o (ureter) ureteritis
inflammation of a ureter.
342
urethr/o (urethra) urethritis
inflammation of the urethra.
343
vas/o (vessel
duct) vasodilator
344
ven/o (vein) venipuncture
surgical puncture of a vein.
345
ventr/o (belly
cavity) ventral
346
vesic/o (blister
bladder) vesicle
347
viscer/o (internal organ) visceral
pertaining to the viscera (abdominal organs).
348
xanth/o (yellow) xanthroma
a yellow nodule in the skin.
349
xen/o (stranger) xenophobia
abnormal fear of strangers.
350
xer/o (dry) xerosis
abnormal dryness (as of the mouth or eyes).
351
zo/o (animal life) zoogenous
acquired from an animal.
