Chapter 5: Medical Terminology Flashcards
(193 cards)
1
Q
What is the anatomy of a medical term?
A
Word root, Prefix, Suffix, and Combining vowel
2
Q
Cardi-
A
Heart
3
Q
Hepat-
A
liver
4
Q
Nephr-
A
Kidney
5
Q
Neur-
A
Nerves
6
Q
Psych-
A
Mind
7
Q
Thorac-
A
Chest
8
Q
Common Word Roots
A
Cardi, Hepat, Nephr, Neur, Psych, Thorac
9
Q
Common Prefixes
A
Hyper, Hypo, Tachy, Brady, Pre, Post
10
Q
Prefix function
A
Describes location or intensity, and gives word specific meaning. When a medical word contains the prefix, the meaning of the word is altered
11
Q
Hyper-
A
Over, excessive, high
12
Q
Hypo-
A
Under, below, normal
13
Q
Brady-
A
Slow
13
Q
Tachy-
A
Rapid, fast
14
Q
Pre-
A
Before
15
Q
Post-
A
after, behind
16
Q
Where is the suffix placed
A
at the end of the word
17
Q
What would a suffix usually indicate
A
a procedure, condition, disease, or a part of speech
18
Q
-al
A
pertaining to
19
Q
-algia
A
pertaining to pain
20
Q
-ectomy
A
surgical removal of
21
Q
-ic
A
pertaining to
22
Q
-itis
A
inflammation
23
Q
-logy
A
study of
24
-logist
specialist
25
-megaly
enlargement
26
-meter
measuring instrument
27
-oma
tumor
28
-pathy
disease
29
What does the combining vowel do
Make the word easier to pronounce, and os typically used when joining a suffix that begins with a consonant or when joining another word root
30
What happens when a suffix begins with a consonant
A combining vowel is used between word root and the suffix to make the pronunciation easier
31
What must happen when the term has more than one word root?
A combining vowel must be placed between the tow word roots, even if the second one begins with a vowel
32
What do singular words the end with an a change to when they are plural?
ae
33
What do singular words the end with an is change to when they are plural?
es
34
What do singular words the end with an ix or ex change to when they are plural?
ices
35
What do singular words the end with an om or um change to when they are plural?
a
36
What do singular words the end with a us change to when they are plural?
i
37
cyan/o
blue
38
leuk/o
white
39
erythr/o
red
40
cirrh/o
yellow-orange
41
melan/o
black
42
poli/o
gray
43
alb
white
44
chlor/o
green
45
ab-
away from, ex: abduction, away from point of reference
46
ad-
to, toward, ex: adduction, toward the center
47
de-
down from away, ex: decay, to waste away
48
circum-
around, about ex: circumferential burn, a burn around an entire area (arm chest, abdomen, etc)
49
peri-
around, ex: pericardium, sac around the heart
50
trans-
across, through, beyond, ex: transvaginal, across or through the vagina
51
epi-
above, upon, on ex: epigastric, above or over the stomach
52
supra-
above, over ex: suprasternal notch, top of sternum
53
retro-
behind ex: retroperitoneal, area behind the periotoneum
54
sub-
under, beneath
55
infra-
below, under
56
para-
near, beside, beyond, apart from
57
contra-
against, opposite
58
ecto-
out, outside
59
endo-
within
60
extra-
outside, inaddition
61
intra-
inside, within
62
ipsi-
same
63
dipl-
two, double
63
uni-
one
64
null-
none
65
primi-
first
66
semi-
half; partial
67
hemi-
half; one sided
68
ambi-
both
69
pan-
all, entire
70
What left and right is referred to?
The patient's left and right sides, not you left or right side
71
Superior
Portion nearer to the head from a specific reference point
72
Inferior
Part nearer to the feet, or away from the head
73
Lateral
(Outer) Parts of the body that lie farther from the midline, can mean side
74
Medial
(Inner) Parts the lie closer to the midline
75
What does knowing the lateral and medial do?
They help determine the position or pinpoint an exact location
76
Superficial
Closer to or on the skin
77
Deep
Father inside the body or tissue and away from the skin
78
Ventral
Belly side of the body, or the anterior surface of the body
79
Dorsal
The spinal side of the body, or the posterior surface of the body, including the back of the hand
80
Anterior
Front surface of the body
81
Posterior
back surface of the body
82
Palmar surface
Front region of the hand
83
Plantar surface
Bottom of the foot
84
Apex (plural apices)
tip of a structure
85
What are the 4 movement terms
flexion, extension, adduction, abduction
86
Flexion
bending of a joint
87
Extension
straightening of a joint
88
Adduction
motion toward the midline
89
Abduction
motion away from the midline
90
Bilateral
a body part that appears on both sides of the midline
91
The quadrants the abdominal cavity is divided into
RUQ: right upper quadrant
RLQ: Right lower quadrant
LUQ: Left upper quadrant
LLQ: Left lower quadrant
92
Prone position
Lying face down
93
Supine position
Lying face up
94
Fowler position
Semi-reclining position where the head is elevated and allows patients to breathe more easily and control the airway
95
high-fowler position
Sitting at a 90 degree angle
96
semi-fowler position
Back of the stretcher to be at a 45 degree angle
97
distal
further away from point
98
an-
without/absence of
99
abdomin
abdomen
100
acou
hear
101
aden
gland
102
adip
fat
103
alges
pain
104
andr
man, male
105
angi
vessel
106
angin
blood vessel
107
ankyl
fused, stiff
108
anter
front
109
aort
aorta
110
append
appendix
111
arteri
artery
112
arthr
joint
113
asthen
weak
114
atel
incomplete
115
ather
fat
116
atri
atrium
117
audi
to hear
118
aur
ear
119
aut
self
120
bacteri
bacteria
121
bi
life; also two
122
chron
time
123
cleid
clavicle
124
col
colon
125
colp
vagina
126
condyl
knuckle of a joint
127
cor
pupil
128
crin
secrete
129
cyst
bladder
130
dips
thirst
131
disk
flat shape
132
diverticul
a small blind pouch
133
dors
back
134
duct
lead, move
135
ech
bounce, sound
136
ede
swelling
137
men
month, menstruation
138
myel
marrow/spinal cord
139
oste
bone
140
ov
egg
141
palpate
examine by touch
142
phag
to eat
143
pharyng
throat
144
pod
foot
145
pseud
false
146
pto
fall
147
ptyal
saliva
148
blast
germ, bud, developing cell
149
blephar
eyelid
150
brachi
arm
151
bronch/i
airway/bronchus
152
bucc
cheek
153
capn
carbon dioxide
154
carcin
cancer
155
carp
wrist
156
caud
tail
157
cec
blind intestine, cecum
158
cent
to puncture/body cavity
159
cephal
head
160
cervic
neck
161
emesis
vomit
162
emcephal
brain
163
enter
small inestine
164
febr
fever
165
foramen
opening
166
gastr
stomach
167
gest
carry, produce
168
gylc
sugar, sweet
169
hem(at)o
blood
170
idi
person, self
171
lingu
tounge
172
mal
abnormal, bad
173
pur
pus
174
pyr
fire, heat
175
ren
kidney
176
sangui
blood
177
scler
hard
178
sebum
fatty secretion of the sebaceous glands
179
sect
cut
180
sept
wall divider, can also be 7
181
spir
coil, to breathe
182
trich
hair
183
ur
urine
184
varic
dilated vein
185
vas
blood vessel
186
viscer
internal organs
187
xen
foreign
188
xer
dry
189
AAA
abdominal aortic aneurysm
190
ASA
aspirin
191
ptysis
splitting
