Chapter 5- Nervous System Flashcards
1
Q
aphasia
A
inability to speak
2
Q
ataxia
A
lack of coordination
3
Q
catatonia
A
condition characterized by reduced muscle tone
4
Q
delirium
A
brief loss of mental function
5
Q
dementia
A
loss/decline in mental function
6
Q
dyskinesia
A
difficulty moving
7
Q
dyslexia
A
difficulty reading
8
Q
dysphasia
A
difficulty speaking
9
Q
dystonia
A
condition characterized by involuntary muscle movements
10
Q
insomnia
A
inability to sleep
11
Q
myoclonus
A
muscle twitching
12
Q
myospasm
A
involuntary muscle contraction
13
Q
neurasthenia
A
nerve weakness
14
Q
somnambulism
A
sleep walking
15
Q
syncope
A
fainting; losing consciousness due to temporary loss of blood flow to brain
16
Q
cephalalgia
A
head pain
17
Q
cephalodynia
A
head pain
18
Q
encephalalgia
A
brain pain
19
Q
neuralgia
A
nerve pain
20
Q
neurodynia
A
nerve pain
21
Q
hemiparesis
A
partial paralysis on half the body
21
Q
hemiparesis
A
partial paralysis on half the body
22
Q
hemiplegia
A
paralysis on half the body
23
Q
monoparesis
A
partial paralysis of one limb
24
monoplegia
paralysis of one limb
25
paralysis
complete loss of sensation and motor function
26
paresis
partial paralysis characterized by varying degrees of sensation and motor function
27
causalgia
painful sensation of burning
28
dysesthesia
bad feeling
29
hyperesthesia
increased sensation
30
paresthesia
abnormal sensation (usually numbness or tingling in the skin)
30
pseudesthesia
false sensation
31
synesthesia
condition where one sensation is experienced as another
32
acrophobia
fear of heights
33
agoraphobia
fear of outdoor spaces
34
hydrophobia
fear of water
35
kleptomania
desire to steal
36
photophobia
excessive sensitivity to light
37
pyromania
desire to set fire
38
echoencephalography
procedure used to examine the brain using sound waves
39
electroencephalography (EEG)
procedure used to examine the electrical activity of the brain
40
lumbar puncture (LP)
inserting a needle into the lumbar region of the spine in order to collect spinal fluid, commonly called a spinal tap
41
cerebral angiography
procedure used to examine blood vessels in the brain
42
magnetic resonance angiography (MRA)
procedure used to examine blood vessels
43
myelogram
image of the spinal cord, usually done using x-ray
44
positron emission tomography (PET) scan
an imaging procedure that uses radiation (positrons) to produce cross sections of the brain
45
transcranial Doppler sonography
an imaging technique that produces an image of the brain using sound waves sent through the skull
46
cerebellitis
inflammation of the cerebellum
47
cerebral atrophy
wasting away of brain tissue
48
duritis
inflammation of the dura
49
encephalocele
hernia of the brain (normally through a defect in the skull)
50
hematoma
a tumorlike mass made up of blood
51
cranial hematoma
a hematoma beneath the skull
52
epidural hematoma
a hematoma located on top of the dura
53
intracerebral hematoma
a hematoma located inside the brain
54
subdural hematoma
a hematoma located beneath the dura
55
macrocephaly
abnormally large head
56
microcephaly
abnormally small head
57
meningocele
a hernia of the meninges
58
myelocele
a hernia of the spinal cord
59
myelomalacia
abnormal softening of the spinal cord
60
myelomeningocele
a hernia of the spinal cord and meninges
61
neuritis
nerve inflammation
62
neuroma
a nerve tumor
63
neurosclerosis
hardening of nerves
64
polyneuritis
inflammation of multiple nerves
65
agnosia
inability to comprehend
66
apathy
lack of emotion
67
hyperkinesia
increase in muscle movement or activity
68
neurasthenia
nerve weakness
69
neuroglycopenia
deficiency of sugar that interferes with normal brain activity
70
nystagmus
involuntary back and forth eye movements
71
prosopagnosia
inability to recognize faces
72
anesthesiologist
doctor who specializes in anesthesiology
73
afferent nerve
a nerve that carries impulses toward the central nervous system
74
efferent nerve
a nerve that carries impulses away from the central nervous system
75
neurogenic
originating from/created by nerves
76
psychiatrist
doctor who specializes in the treatment of the mind
77
psychiatry
branch of medicine that focuses on the treatment of the mind
78
psychogenic
originating in/created by the mind
79
psychologist
doctor who specializes in the study of the mind
80
psychology
branch of medicine that focuses on the study of the mind
81
psychosomatic
pertaining to the relationship between the body and the mind
82
idiopathic
having no known cause or origin
83
interictal
time between seizures
84
postictal
time after a seizure
85
preictal
time before a seizure
86
tonic
pertaining to muscle tone (normally weak or unresponsive)
87
tonic
pertaining to muscle tone (normally weak or unresponsive)
88
clonus
muscle spasm or twitching
89
tonic-clonic seizure
a seizure characterized by both a tonic and a clonic phase
90
cerebrovascular accident (CVA)
an accident involving the blood vessels of the brain
91
stroke
loss of brain function caused by interruption of blood flow/supply to the brain
92
hemorrhagic stroke
a stroke where the blood loss is caused by the rupture of a blood vessel
93
ischemic stroke
a stroke where the blood loss is caused by a blockage
94
transient ischemic attack (TIA)
a “mini-stroke” caused by the blockage of a blood vessel, which resolves (goes away) within 24 hours
95
cerebrovascular disease
a disease of the blood vessels of the brain
96
cerebral aneurysm
the widening or abnormal dilation of a blood vessel in the brain
97
cerebral arteriosclerosis
the hardening of an artery in the brain
98
cerebral atherosclerosis
the hardening of an artery in the brain caused by the buildup of fatty plaque
99
cerebral embolism
the blockage of a blood vessel in the brain caused by a foreign object (embolus) such as fat or bacteria
100
cerebral thrombosis
the blockage of a blood vessel in the brain caused by a blood clot
101
craniomalacia
abnormal softening of the skull
102
craniosclerosis
abnormal hardening of the skull
103
craniostenosis
abnormal narrowing of the skull
104
craniosynostosis
premature fusing of the skull bones
105
hydrocephaly
abnormal accumulation of spinal fluid in the brain
106
astrocytoma
a tumor of arising from astrocyte glial cells
107
ganglioma
ganglion tumor
108
glioblastoma
a brain tumor arising from glioblast cells
109
meningioma
tumor of the meninges
110
cerebellitis
inflammation of the cerebellum
111
cerebromeningitis
inflammation of the brain and meninges
112
encephalitis
inflammation of the brain
113
encephalomyelitis
inflammation of the brain and spinal cord
114
encephalomyeloneuropathy
disease of the brain, spinal cord, and nerves
115
encephalopathy
disease of the brain
116
encephalopyosis
a pus-filled abscess in the brain
117
gangliitis
inflammation of a ganglion
118
intracerebral hemorrhage
excessive bleeding inside the brain
119
meningopathy
disease of the meninges
120
meningitis
inflammation of the meninges
121
meningoencephalitis
inflammation of the meninges and brain
122
myelitis
inflammation of the spinal cord
123
myelodysplasia
defective formation of the spinal cord
124
myelopathy
disease of the spinal cord
125
neuroarthropathy
disease of the joint associated with nerves
126
neuroencephalomyelopathy
disease of the nerves, brain, and spinal cord
127
neuropathy
disease of the nervous system
128
poliomyelitis
inflammation of the gray matter of the spinal cord
129
polyneuropathy
disease affecting multiple nerves
130
amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS)
a degenerative disease of the central nervous system causing loss of muscle control. Literally, the hardening (sclerosis) of the nerve cells on the sides (lateral) of the spine leading to the loss of muscle tissue from disuse
131
anorexia
an eating disorder characterized by the patient’s refusal to eat
132
autism
a psychiatric disorder characterized by withdrawal from communication with others; the patient is focused only on the self
133
bulimia
an eating disorder characterized by overeating and usually followed by forced vomiting
134
cerebral palsy
paralysis caused by damage to the area of the brain responsible for movement
135
dysphoria
a negative emotional state
136
epilepsy
a disease marked by seizures
137
euphoria
a positive emotional state
138
hypomania
a mental state just below mania
139
manic depression (bipolar)
a psychiatric disorder characterized by alternating bouts of excitement and depression
140
myasthenia
Muscle weakness
141
narcolepsy
A disease characterized by sudden, uncontrolled sleepiness
142
neurosis
a nerve condition
143
psychosis
a mind condition
144
psychopathy
a mental illness
145
schizophrenia
a mental illness characterized by delusions, hallucinations, and disordered speech
