Chapter 5 Notes Flashcards
Fluid Mosaic Model
Describes the flexible, dynamic nature of the cell membrane.
Phospholipid Bilayer
A double layer of phospholipids forms the cell membrane.
Glycoprotein
Protein with attached carbohydrate chains is involved in cell recognition.
Diffusion
Passive movement of molecules from high to low concentration.
Osmosis
Diffusion of water through a selectively permeable membrane.
Isotonic Solution
Solute concentration is equal inside and outside the cell.
Hypotonic Solution
Solute concentration is lower outside the cell.
Hypertonic Solution:
Solute concentration is higher outside the cell
Active Transport
Movement of molecules against the concentration gradient using energy.
Sodium-Potassium Pump
Active transport system that exchanges sodium and potassium ions across the membrane.
Exocytosis
Process of vesicle fusion with the plasma membrane to release substances.
Endocytosis
Process of cellular ingestion through vesicle formation.
Phagocytosis
“Cell eating,” engulfing large particles.
Pinocytosis
“Cell drinking,” engulfing small particles or liquids
Extracellular Matrix (ECM)
Network of proteins and carbohydrates outside animal cells.
Collagen
Protein that provides strength to the ECM.
Elastin
Protein that allows tissues to return to their original shape
Gap Junction
Protein channels connect adjacent cells for communication.
Plasmodesmata
Channels between plant cell walls allow material exchange
