Chapter 5 - Orbitals and shells Flashcards
What does the principal quantum number indicate?
Indicates the shell that the electron occupy
How many orbitals does a s orbital?
1 orbital
How many electrons does a s orbital have?
2 electrons
How many orbitals does a p orbital?
3 orbitals
How many electrons does a p orbital have?
6 electrons
How many orbitals does a f orbital?
7 orbitals
How many electrons does a f orbital have?
14 electrons
How many orbitals does a d orbital?
5 orbitals
How many electrons does a d orbital have?
10 electrons
What is the shape of a s orbital?
Sphere
What is the shape of a p orbital?
dumb bell
When are cations formed?
When atoms lose electrons
What are the properties of ionic compounds? (melting and boiling points)
High melting and boiling points
What are the properties of ionic compounds? (water)
Dissolve in polar solvents e.g. water
What are the properties of ionic compounds? (Conductivity)
Only conduct in liquid or in aqueous state
What is ionic bonding?
The electrostatic attraction between oppositely charged ions.
Why are almost all ionic compounds solids at room temperature?
Not enough energy to overcome strong electrostatic attraction between oppositely charged ions in giant ionic lattice.
What about ions affects solubility?
The size of charge
Higher charge = more difficult for water to break down = less soluble
What is covalent bonding?
The strong electrostatic attraction between a shared pair of electrons
What is dative/co-ordinate covalent bond?
Where one atom donates a lone pair of electrons to another atom/ion
