Chapter 5 Study Guide

Question 1

What is Consciousness

Answer 1

Awareness of external and internal stimuli

Question 2

What are the 3 levels of consciousness

Answer 2

Minimal, Full, and Self-Consciousness

Question 3

What is Minimal Consciousness

Answer 3

Low-level of sensory awareness

Question 4

What is Full Consciousness

Answer 4

Consciousness in which you know and are able to report your mental state

Question 5

What is Self-Consciousness

Answer 5

A persons attention is drawn to the self as an object

Question 6

What are the 4 basic properties of consciousness

Answer 6

Intentionality, Unity, Selectivity, and Transience

Question 7

What is intentionality

Answer 7

Being directed towards an object

Question 8

What is unity

Answer 8

Integrates all information into one

Question 9

What is selectivity

Answer 9

Capacity to include some objects but not others

Question 10

What is transience

Answer 10

Tendency to change

Question 11

What are the 3 biological rhythms

Answer 11

Daily, Monthly, and Yearly

Question 12

What is a circadian rhythm

Answer 12

A 24-hour biological cycle that regulates sleep patterns

Question 13

Does your circadian rhythm change without exposure to daylight

Answer 13

No

Question 14

In the absence of time, what occurs to your circadian rhythm

Answer 14

The cycle period will be longer than 24 hours

Question 15

How many stages are in your sleep cycle

Answer 15

5

Question 16

What is stage 1 of the sleep cycle

Answer 16

Transitional stage (theta wave)

Question 17

What is stage 2 of the sleep cycle

Answer 17

Rapid, high peaking brain waves (sleep spindles and k complex)

Question 18

What is stage 3 of the sleep cycle

Answer 18

Low-frequency delta waves

Question 19

What is stage 4 of the sleep cycle

Answer 19

Very deep sleep, delta waves

Question 20

What is stage 5 of the sleep cycle

Answer 20

REM, which is associated with dreaming

Question 21

What are the three functions of sleep

Answer 21

Restoration, energy conservation, circadian/adaptive

Question 22

What 4 things occur during the restoration function of sleep

Answer 22

Cells restore and grow
Memory is improved; recollection/consolidation
Certain genes are activated to restore the body
Improved immune system

Question 23

What occurs during the energy conservation involving the function of sleep

Answer 23

Save energy and calories for when we are awake

Question 24

What occurs during the circadian or adaptation function of sleep

Answer 24

Evolutionary adaptation

Certain mammals sleep at different intervals because of predators

Question 25

What are some sleep disorders

Answer 25

``` Insomnia Sleep Apnea Nightmares Night Terrors Somnambulism Narcolepsy Sleep Paralysis ```

Question 26

What is the most common sleep disorder

Answer 26

Insomnia

Question 27

What are some common causes of insomnia

Answer 27

``` Caffeine Pain Depression Anxiety Drugs/medication ```

Question 28

What is the second most common sleep disorder

Answer 28

Sleep apnea

Question 29

When are nightmares considered sleep disorders

Answer 29

When they are chronic and interrupt sleep

Question 30

When does anxiety-producing dreams occur

Answer 30

Mostly during REM

Question 31

What is a night terror

Answer 31

Abrupt awakening from non REM sleep

Question 32

What is somnambulism

Answer 32

Sleepwalking

Question 33

Does somnambulism occur during REM

Answer 33

No

Question 34

Why doesn't somnambulism occur during REM

Answer 34

Because your muscles are paralyzed

Question 35

What stage of sleep does somnambulism occur

Answer 35

Stage 4

Question 36

What is narcolepsy

Answer 36

Excessive daytime sleepiness

Question 37

What is sleep paralysis

Answer 37

Occurs when waking from a dream, and usually temporary bc your muscles are paralyzed

Question 38

What 3 reasons explain why we dream

Answer 38

Psychoanalytic Theory Problem Focused Activation Synthesis

Question 39

Who developed the psychoanalytic theory

Answer 39

Sigmund Freud

Question 40

What is psychoanalytic theory

Answer 40

Believing that dreaming is a way to express unconscious wishes, desires, and conflicts

Question 41

What is problem-focused dreaming

Answer 41

Solving problems and processing all information taken in during the day

Question 42

What is activation synthesis

Answer 42

A physiological theory; dreams don't mean anything, just the firing of the neurons

Question 43

What is hypnosis

Answer 43

A systematic procedure that typically produces a heightened state of suggestibility

Question 44

What are the two explanations of hypnosis

Answer 44

Dissociation Theory | Socio-cognitive Theory

Question 45

What is the dissociation theory regarding hypnosis

Answer 45

Consciousness splits into two parts; hypnotized (therapist) and non-hypnotized (hidden observer) parts

Question 46

What is the socio-cognitive theory regarding hypnosis

Answer 46

Going to act as if you're hypnotized because everyone else is; i.e. magician/stage hypnosis